Table 5 Recommendations and sources of the evidence for preventing falls
From: Prevention of unintentional injuries in children under five years
Recommendations | Guidelines and/or institutions recommending the intervention | Source of the evidence |
|---|---|---|
Replace or modify unsafe products | - WHO 2008; European region [1] | (See original documents) |
Safety equipment - Install stair gates - Install windows guards or locks - Possession of non-slip bathmats or decals | - WHO 2008; European region [1] - RCPCH 2019 [2] - CDC 2019 [16] - NICE 2010b [45] - EuroSafe 2006 [13] | - Kendrick 2013; Cochrane systematic review [51] - Kendrick 2012; Cochrane systematic review [46] - Watson 2005; RCT [67] - Towner 2001, systematic review [63] |
Protective equipment - Use of helmet while riding a horse - Use of helmet, wrist guards, and knee and elbow pads while skating | - WHO 2008; European region [1] - CDC 2019 [16] | (See original documents) |
Playground - Implementation of playground standards (eg. surface material) | - WHO 2008; European region [1] - CDC 2019 [16] - EuroSafe 2006 [13] | - Khambalia 2006, systematic review [68] - Towner 2001, systematic review [63] |
Education - Implementation of multifaceted community programmes | - WHO 2008; European region [1] | - Towner 2001, systematic review [63] - McClure 2005, systematic review [69] |
Do not use baby walkers - Legislation banning baby walkers or requiring product modification | - PrevInfad 2011 [42] - RCPCH 2019 [2] - EuroSafe 2006 [13] | - Kendrick 2012; Cochrane systematic review [46] - Khambalia 2006, systematic review [68] |
Supervision - Supervise at all time around fall hazards | - RCPCH 2019 [2] - CDC 2019 [16] | - Kendrick 2012; Cochrane systematic review [46] |