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Table 1 Univariate analysis of clinical data on the AA types. (Derivation Sample: n = 382)

From: A clinical prediction model for complicated appendicitis in children younger than five years of age

Variables

Complicated appendicitis (n = 244)

Simple appendicitis (n = 138)

P value

Demographic data

 Age (years)#

3.3(2.5,4.1)

4.4(4.1,4.8)

< 0.001a

 Male:Female

141:103

83:55

0.667b

 BMI (kg/m2)#

23.8(18.3,29.6)

23.7(18.2,29.1)

0.692a

Pre-operative laboratory values

 WBC (*109/L)#

15.8 (13.9,18.7)

12.3 (9.9,15.0)

< 0.001a

 NEUT (*109/L)#

11.8 (9.3,13.5)

9.6 (7.2,12.1)

< 0.001a

 PN (%)#

79.5 (63.2,86.2)

79.0 (72.8,85.1)

0.534a

 MC (*109/L)#

0.88 (0.51,1.21)

0.88 (0.57,1.27)

0.561a

 LYMPH (*109/L)#

3.0 (2.3,5.7)

2.6 (1.9,3.4)

< 0.001a

 PCT (ug/L)#

0.26 (0.08,1.41)

0.12 (0.05,0.42)

< 0.001a

 CRP (mg/L)#

58.5 (20.2124.8)

35.1 (15.9,80.2)

0.002a

 PLT (*109/L)#

279.0 (236.0,331.0)

278.0 (243.5316.8)

0.663a

Clinical findings

 DS (hours)#

38 (24,84)

24 (12,49)

< 0.001a

 Body temperature (°C)#

38.5 (37.6,38.8)

38.1 (37.6,38.7)

< 0.001a

 Migration of pain to RLQ n (%)

96 (39.3)

16 (11.6)

< 0.001b

 LRQ tenderness n (%)

196 (80.3)

119 (86.2)

0.163b

 Abdominal distention n (%)

111 (45.5)

36 (26.1)

< 0.001b

 Rebound pain n (%)

155 (63.5)

28 (20.3)

< 0.001b

 Nausea/ vomiting n (%)

139 (57.0)

17 (12.3)

< 0.001b

 Anorexia n (%)

182 (74.6)

109 (79.0)

0.382b

 Constipation n (%)

23 (9.4)

22 (15.9)

0.069b

 Diarrhea n (%)

117 (48.0)

11 (8.0)

< 0.001b

  1. #Values are presented as medians and inter-quartile ranges; aMann-Whitney U test; bChi-square test. BMI body mass index, WBC white blood cell count, NEUT neutrophil count, PN percentage of neutrophils, MC mononuclear cell count, LYMPH lymphocyte count, PCT procalcitonin, CRP C-reactive protein, PLT platelet count, DS duration of symptoms, LRQ right lower quadrant