Evidence for disruption of diurnal salivary cortisol rhythm in childhood obesity: relationships with anthropometry, puberty and physical activity

Table 5 Associations between HPA axis rhythm index and glucose or lipid metabolism

Cortisol variables	FG		FI		HOMA-IR		TG		TC
Cortisol variables	r	P	r	P	r	P	r	P	r	P
Cortisol_08:00	0.144	0.345	0.009	0.955	0.011	0.944	−0.115	0.450	−0.144	0.346
Cortisol_16:00	0.223	0.150	0.176	0.272	0.191	0.232	−0.250	0.106	−0.072	0.646
Cortisol_23:00	0.112	0.479	0.256	0.111	0.226	0.161	0.080	0.615	−0.198	0.209
AUC_{08:00–16:00}	0.223	0.152	−0.010	0.952	−0.005	0.975	−0.158	0.312	−0.124	0.429
AUC_{16:00–23:00}	0.101	0.534	0.271	0.095	0.259	0.111	−0.196	0.225	−0.157	0.335
AUC_{08:00–23:00}	0.216	0.180	0.132	0.424	0.120	0.467	−0.227	0.159	−0.264	0.100
DCS	−0.012	0.939	0.074	0.650	0.070	0.669	0.173	0.273	0.154	0.330

Spearman’s correlations and P values were reported. FM: fat mass, WHtR waist-to-height ratio, |DCS| absolute values of diurnal cortisol slope, FG fasting glucose, FI fasting insulin, HOMA-IR the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides

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