Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the SGA and AGA groups

 Participants, n

189

661

 Male sex

111 (58.73)

389 (58.85)

 BW, kg

1.56 ± 0.37^*

2.07 ± 0.51^*

1.58 (0.61 ~ 2.30)^**

2.10 (0.86 ~ 5.07)^**

  ELBW^#1 (< 1 kg)

12 (6.35)

5 (0.76)

  VLBW^#2 (1 ~ 1.5 kg)

68 (35.90)

96 (14.55)

  LBW^#3 (> 1.5 kg ~ 2.5 kg)

109 (57.67)

447 (67.73)

  NBW^#4 (> 2.5 kg)

0

112 (16.97)

GA, wk. (week)

34.03 ± 2.05^*

33.53 ± 2.39^*

35 (28 ~ 36.86)^**

34.00 (26 ~ 36.86)^**

  Extremely preterm (< 28wk)

2 (1.06)

19 (2.87)

  Early preterm (28 ~ 31^6/7wk)

26 (13.76)

134 (20.27)

  Mild preterm (32 ~ 36^6/7wk)

153 (85.19)

508 (76.85)

Z-score

−1.85 ± 0.59

−0.14 ± 0.72

Ponderal index

2.29 ± 0.42

2.46 ± 0.27

Being a twin

59 (31.22)

154 (23.30)

Caesarean section

58 (30.69)

307 (46.59)

In vitro fertilization

20 (10.58)

83 (12.59)

 Low Apgar score at 1 min(< 7)

30 (16.39)

52 (8.01)

 Low Apgar score at 5 min(< 7)

13 (6.91)

45 (6.85)

 Respiratory distress syndrome

65 (34.39)

239 (36.16)

 Severe IVH^## (grade 3 or 4)

4 (2.14)

19 (2.89)

 Necrotizing Enterocolitis

13 (6.91)

36 (5.46)

 Cardiac problems

35 (18.62)

101 (15.40)

 Invasive

33 (17.46)

88 (13.31)

 Noninvasive

60 (31.75)

195 (29.50)

Surfactant administration

50 (26.46)

197 (29.80)

 Steroids

5 (2.64)

13 (1.97)

 Dopamine

12 (6.35)

26 (3.93)

 Furosemide

2 (1.05)

5 (0.76)