Table 1 Association between socio-demographic and physical activity factors with child’s BMI
| Â | BMI of Children | Â | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Normal n (%) | Overweight n (%) | Obese n (%) | Underweight n (%) | Total n (%) | p-value | |
Living place | City | 229 69.6% | 42 12.8% | 50 15.2% | 8 2.4% | 329 100.0% | 0.002 |
Village | 115 59.6% | 33 17.1% | 29 15.0% | 16 8.3% | 193 100.0% | ||
Refugees Camp | 19 51.4% | 5 13.5% | 12 32.4% | 1 2.7% | 37 100.0% | ||
Maternal education level | Not educated | 8 80.0% | 2 20.0% | 0 .0% | 0 .0% | 10 100.0% | 0.928 |
Primary school | 52 65.8% | 10 12.7% | 15 19.0% | 2 2.5% | 79 100.0% | ||
High school | 149 64.5% | 37 16.0% | 35 15.2% | 10 4.3% | 231 100.0% | ||
College | 35 64.8% | 6 11.1% | 10 18.5% | 3 5.6% | 54 100.0% | ||
BA or more | 105 62.5% | 24 14.3% | 30 17.9% | 9 5.4% | 168 100.0% | ||
Paternal education level | Not educated | 7 63.6% | 3 27.3% | 1 9.1% | 0 .0% | 11 100.0% | 0.315 |
Primary school | 74 64.9% | 19 16.7% | 15 13.2% | 6 5.3% | 114 100.0% | ||
High school | 144 64.0% | 35 15.6% | 34 15.1% | 12 5.3% | 225 100.0% | ||
College | 34 56.7% | 12 20.0% | 13 21.7% | 1 1.7% | 60 100.0% | ||
BA or more | 91 68.9% | 10 7.6% | 26 19.7% | 5 3.8% | 132 100.0% | ||
Maternal work | Housewife | 279 64.9% | 60 14.0% | 71 16.5% | 20 4.7% | 430 100.0% | 0.882 |
Others | 68 63.0% | 18 16.7% | 18 16.7% | 4 3.7% | 108 100.0% | ||
House hold income (NIS)* | < 2000 | 72 69.2% | 11 10.6% | 16 15.4% | 5 4.8% | 104 100.0% | 0.717 |
2000–2999 | 110 65.5% | 28 16.7% | 23 13.7% | 7 4.2% | 168 100.0% | ||
3000–3999 | 90 60.8% | 21 14.2% | 32 21.6% | 5 3.4% | 148 100.0% | ||
> 4000 | 69 62.7% | 16 14.5% | 19 17.3% | 6 5.5% | 110 100.0% | ||
Maternal BMI | Normal | 149 70.0% | 34 16.0% | 22 10.3% | 8 3.8% | 213 100.0% | 0.049 |
Overweight | 118 60.2% | 25 12.8% | 45 23.0% | 8 4.1% | 196 100.0% | ||
Obese | 54 58.1% | 17 18.3% | 20 21.5% | 2 2.2% | 93 100.0% | ||
Underweight | 4 57.1% | 1 14.3% | 1 14.3% | 1 14.3% | 7 100.0% | ||
Paternal BMI | Normal | 98 75.4% | 15 11.5% | 12 9.2% | 5 3.8% | 130 100.0% | 0.005 |
Overweight | 152 65.5% | 37 15.9% | 33 14.2% | 10 4.3% | 232 100.0% | ||
Obese | 74 54.0% | 20 14.6% | 38 27.7% | 5 3.6% | 137 100.0% | ||
Underweight | 4 100.0% | 0 .0% | 0 .0% | 0 .0% | 4 100.0% | ||
Having gestational diabetes | Yes | 155 68.5% | 31 13.7% | 31 13.7% | 10 4.4% | 227 100.0% | 0.773 |
No | 347 65.0% | 76 14.2% | 88 16.5% | 23 4.3% | 534 100.0% | ||
Mode of delivery | Normal | 291 66.3% | 60 13.7% | 67 15.3% | 21 4.8% | 439 100.0% | 0.199 |
Caesarean | 69 59.0% | 20 17.1% | 25 21.4% | 3 2.6% | 117 100.0% | ||
Feeding | Breastfeeding | 246 66.0% | 51 13.7% | 59 15.8% | 17 4.6% | 373 100.0% | 0.341 |
Formulas | 28 66.7% | 3 7.1% | 8 19.0% | 3 7.1% | 42 100.0% | ||
Both | 79 60.3% | 25 19.1% | 24 18.3% | 3 2.3% | 131 100.0% | ||
Smoking during pregnancy | Yes | 10 66.7% | 2 13.3% | 3 20.0% | 0 .0% | 15 100.0% | 0.740 |
No | 202 56.4% | 60 16.8% | 75 20.9% | 21 5.9% | 358 100.0% | ||
Transporting means to school | Family Car or School Bus | 89 59.3% | 20 13.3% | 36 24.0% | 5 3.3% | 150 100.0% | 0.031 |
Walking | 274 67.5% | 59 14.5% | 55 13.5% | 18 4.4% | 406 100.0% | ||
Screen time (minutes) | < 30 | 52 61.9% | 14 16.7% | 12 14.3% | 6 7.1% | 84 100.0% | 0.069 |
60 | 145 71.1% | 28 13.7% | 24 11.8% | 7 3.4% | 204 100.0% | ||
> 60 | 154 59.7% | 37 14.3% | 56 21.7% | 11 4.3% | 258 100.0% | ||
Physical activity (minutes) | < 30 | 18 56.3% | 7 21.9% | 5 15.6% | 2 6.3% | 32 100.0% | 0.560 |
60 | 86 61.4% | 18 12.9% | 30 21.4% | 6 4.3% | 140 100.0% | ||
> 60 | 249 66.2% | 54 14.4% | 57 15.2% | 16 4.3% | 376 100.0% | ||
WC mean + SD (N) | Walking | 68.2 ± 6.5 (106) | 78.1 ± 9.0 (119) | 57.1 ± 4.8 (33) | 756 | 0.000 | |
Birth weight (Kg) mean + SD (N) | 3.2 ± 0.6 (349) | 3.3 ± 0.7 (80) | 3.2 ± 0.6 (91) | 2.9 ± 0.5 (24) | 544 | 0.154 | |
Child’s daily allowance* mean + SD (N) | 2.7 ± 1.4 (356) | 2.9 ± 1.3 (80) | 3.0 ± 1.4 (92) | 2.8 ± 1.9 (24) | 552 | 0.557 | |
Total number of family members mean + SD (N) | 6.4 ± 2.2 (356) | 6.4 ± 1.7 (80) | 6.2 ± 1.5 (92) | 6.8 ± 1.3 (24) | 552 | 0.592 | |