Table 3 Poisson regression model for risk indicators of early childhood caries using robust variance estimation (N = 370)
From: Association between early childhood caries and malnutrition in a sub-urban population in Nigeria
Variables | Model 1 APR (95% CI) | p-value | Model 2 APR (95% CI) | p-value | Model 3 APR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wasting (WAZ) | ||||||
 Normal | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 Wasted - PR (CI) | 0.90 (0.24–3.28) | 0.87 | 0.98 (0.27–3.60) | 0.98 | 1.08 (0.19–6.26) | 0.93 |
Stunting (HAZ) | ||||||
 Normal | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 Stunted - PR (CI) | 0.26 (0.07–1.05) | 0.06 | 0.25 (0.06–1.04) | 0.06 | 0.14 (0.03–0.69) | 0.02* |
Underweight/Overweight (WHZ) | ||||||
 Normal | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 Underweight- PR (CI) | 1.05 (0.17–6.50) | 0.96 | 1.26 (0.20–8.06) | 0.81 | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | < 0.001* |
 Overweight- PR (CI) | 2.06 (0.51–8.32) | 0.31 | 2.33 (0.55–9.89) | 0.25 | 6.88 (1.83–25.85) | < 0.001* |
SEX | ||||||
 Male |  |  | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 Female- PR (CI) |  |  | 2.31 (0.89–6.00) | 0.09 | 2.90 (0.91–9.29) | 0.07 |
Socioeconomic status | ||||||
 High |  |  | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 Middle - PR (CI) |  |  | 0.39 (0.11–1.39) | 0.15 | 0.41 (0.08–2.02) | 0.27 |
 Low - PR (CI) |  |  | 1.10 (0.37–3.26) | 0.86 | 2.40 (0.62–9.34) | 0.21 |
Oral hygiene status | ||||||
 Good |  |  |  |  | 1.00 | – |
 Fair- PR (CI) |  |  |  |  | 2.81 (1.02–7.74) | 0.05* |
 Poor - PR (CI) |  |  |  |  | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | < 0.001* |
Frequency of daily consumption of sugar | ||||||
  < 3 times daily |  |  |  |  | 1.00 | – |
  ≥ 3 times daily - PR (CI) |  |  |  |  | 2.18 (0.5–9.53) | 0.30 |
Maternal knowledge of caries prevention | ||||||
 Poor |  |  |  |  | 1.00 | – |
 Good - PR (CI) |  |  |  |  | 1.24 (0.31–4.93) | 0.76 |
 Pseudo R2 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.18 | |||