Table 1 Patient Characteristics

Gender (Female)

Gestational Age at Birth (Weeks)

27 ± 3 (23–36)

Birth Weight (g)

990 ± 482 (488–2740)

Small for Gestational Age Status (Yes)

Place of Birth (Outborn)

Apgar Score at 1 minute^a

5 (1–9)

Apgar Score at 5 minute^a

7 (2–9)

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Survival

 Post-Natal Age at Gentamicin Initiation (Days)

10 ± 12 (1–46)

 Corrected Gestational Age at Gentamicin Initiation (Weeks)

28 ± 3 (24–36)

 Weight at Gentamicin Initiation(g)

1059 ± 496 (488–2789)

 Gentamicin Dose (mg/kg/dose)

3.0 ± 0.7 (2–5.6)

 Gentamicin Dosing Interval (Hours)^a

24 (12–36)

 Duration of Gentamicin Therapy (Days)

7 ± 2 (2–13)

 Culture Negative Sepsis

 Necrotizing enterocolitis Septic Ileus

 Respiratory Tract Infection

 Empiric Treatment (<  5 days)

 Confirmed Sepsis

 Urinary Tract Infection

 Meningitis

 Skin and Soft Tissue Infection

 Other

 Serum creatinine (μmol/L)

57 ± 21 (24–93)

 Maximum serum creatinine during Gentamicin (μmol/L)

64 + 23 (19–100)

 Blood Urea Nitrogen (mmol/L)

8 ± 5 (2–24)

 Maximum blood urea nitrogen during Gentamicin (mmol/L)

11 ± 5 (3–26)

 24-h urine output (ml/kg/hr)

4 ± 1 (1–7)

 Lowest 24-h urine output during Gentamicin (ml/kg/hr)

3 ± 2 (1–19)

 Trough gentamicin concentration (mg/L)^c

1.1 ± 0.6 (0.2–3.9)

 Peak gentamicin concentration (mg/L)^c

7.1 ± 2.2 (3.7–17.1)

Concomitant Nephrotoxins during a course of gentamicin

Concomitant Ototoxins during a course of gentamicin

 Vancomycin^e,f

 Indomethacin^e,f

 Furosemide^e,f

 Amphotericin B^e

 Ibuprofen^e,f

 Erythromycin^f

Prior course of Gentamicin