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Table 2 Distribution of individual potential confounding factors by birthweight

From: An outcome-based definition of low birthweight for births in low- and middle-income countries: a secondary analysis of the WHO global survey on maternal and perinatal health

Birthweight (g)

n

Gestational age

Cesarean section

Breech presentation at birth

Maternal complicationsa

Mean

(SD)

(%)

(%)

(%)

Overall

205,648

38.5

(2.0)

49,964 (24.3)

9099 (4.4)

34,642 (16.9)

<  1500

2072

30.6

(4.1)

38.9

18.6

25.3

1500–1599

602

33.1

(3.2)

32.4

11.1

20.3

1600–1699

521

33.7

(3.1)

39.3

12.1

22.5

1700–1799

811

34.4

(3.0)

35.8

12.1

20.3

1800–1899

973

34.6

(2.9)

35.9

10.4

22.1

1900–1999

1032

35.2

(2.9)

36.7

9.5

23.3

2000–2099

2807

36.7

(2.6)

26.7

7.5

15.7

2100–2199

2165

36.9

(2.5)

29.7

7.3

19.2

2200–2299

3817

37.2

(2.3)

26.2

6.4

15.6

2300–2399

4178

37.6

(2.0)

25.5

5.2

18.2

2400–2499

5628

37.9

(2.0)

25.9

5.5

18.7

2500–3499

181,042

38.8

(1.6)

23.7

3.9

16.6

  1. All variables differed significantly by birthweight categories (p-value < 0.001)
  2. aMaternal complications included chronic hypertension, cardiac disease, renal disease, chronic respiratory condition, diabetes mellitus, malaria, sickle cell anaemia, severe anaemia, pyelonephritis or urinary infection, HIV/AIDS, Thalassemia and other medical conditions