Table 2 Baseline characteristics of clusters (women’s self-help groups)
Intervention | Control | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of clusters (women’s self-help groups) | 15 | 15 | 30 |
Mean number of women in clusters (SD) | 17.93 (2.25) | 15.93 (3.28) | 16.93 (2.97) |
Number of clusters in each VDC | |||
VDC 1 | 5 | 5 | 10 |
VDC 2 | 10 | 10 | 20 |
Numbers of clusters at distance to the health post (N) | |||
Less than one hour | 12 | 10 | 22 |
One hour or more | 3 | 5 | 8 |
Mean age of women in clusters (mean, SD) | 33.58 (3.48) | 35.15 (2.03) | 34.36 (2.91) |
Number of children per woman (mean, SD) | |||
Total | 3.26 (0.39) | 3.47 (0.39) | 3.37 (0.49) |
Girls | 1.76 (0.38) | 1.81 (0.24) | 1.79 (0.32) |
Boys | 1.52 (0.29) | 1.66 (0.36) | 1.59 (0.33) |
Mean number of women of Dalit caste per cluster (SD) | 7.67 (8.04) | 4.80 (5.74) | 6.23 (7.02) |
Household size (mean, SD) | 6.06 (0.91) | 6.15 (0.90) | 6.10 (0.89) |
Area of household land in hals (mean, SD) | 3.29 (1.03) | 3.39 (1.47) | 3.34 (1.25) |
Number of household cattle and buffalo (mean, SD) | 3.72 (1.23) | 3.73 (1.36) | 3.72 (1.22) |
Mean number of households with indoor smoking per cluster (SD) | 9.80 (3.41) | 7.80 (3.47) | 8.80 (3.53) |
Highest education level woman (mean, SD) | |||
None | 15.47 (3.16) | 13.67 (2.77) | 14.57 (3.06) |
Some primary | 1.47 (1.13) | 1.20 (1.27) | 1.33 (1.18) |
Some secondary | 1.0 (1.60) | 1.07 (1.53) | 1.03 (1.54) |
Highest education level husband (mean, SD) | |||
None | 9.93 (4.52) | 7.93 (3.60) | 8.93 (4.14) |
Some primary | 3.13 (1.81) | 3.67 (2.09) | 3.40 (1.94) |
Some secondary | 4.93 (4.10) | 4.33 (3.48) | 4.63 (3.75) |
Any antenatal care last pregnancy (mean, SD) | 15.87 (3.09) | 14.67 (3.66) | 15.27 (3.38) |
Location of last birth (mean, SD) | |||
In the cowshed | 4.80 (3.73) | 4.73 (3.08) | 4.77 (3.36) |
Inside the house | 7.53 (4.94) | 7.53 (4.94) | 7.97 (4.85) |
At a health facility | 4.20 (2.54) | 3.80 (2.40) | 4.0 (2.44) |
Ever taken child to traditional healer (mean, SD) | 8.27 (3.58) | 7.27 (4.54) | 7.77 (4.05) |
Mean number of participant children per cluster (SD) | |||
Total | 31.53 (9.23) | 30.93 (9.85) | 31.23 (9.39) |
Girls | 16.07 (6.49) | 15.27 (6.11) | 15.67 (6.21) |
Boys | 15.47 (4.75) | 15.67 (5.65) | 15.57 (5.13) |
Age of children (mean, SD) | 6.48 (1.05) | 6.49 (1.05) | 6.49 (0.96) |
Children’s anthropometry (mean, SD) | |||
Weight of children in kg | 17.28 (1.87) | 17.23 (2.01) | 17.26 (1.91) |
Weight-for-age z-score | −1.96 (0.33) | −1.93 (0.33) | − 1.95 (0.33) |
Height of children in cm | 106.51 (6.16) | 107.50 (6.01) | 107.0 (6.0) |
Height-for-age z-score | −2.09 (0.41) | −1.98 (0.34) | − 2.03 (0.37) |
Children’s ear examination (mean, SD) | |||
Any CSOM | 3.67 (1.76) | 3.40 (2.06) | 3.53 (1.89) |
Any acute otitis media | 0.33 (0.62) | 0.87 (1.06) | 0.6 (0.89) |
Any dullness or retraction eardrum | 2.67 (1.95) | 4.27 (3.20) | 3.47 (2.73) |