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Table 4 Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of potential risk factors in girls

From: Incidence of obesity and its predictors in children and adolescents in 10 years of follow up: Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS)

Variables

Cumulative Incidence of Obesity (95% CI)

Incidence rate (in 1000 person year)

Un-adjusted HR (95% CI)

Adjusted HRa (95% CI)

Weight groups

 Normal weight

5.0 (2.9–8.7)

3.0 (1.7–5.4)

1

1

 Overweight

58.2 (45.3–71.7)

71.0 (49.7–101.5)

21.8 (11.14–42.67)

23.42 (11.93–45.96)

WC ≥ 90th

 No

13.3 (9.8–18.0)

8.7 (6.3–12.1)

1

1

 Yes

31.6 (15.6–57.2)

28.3 (12.7–62.9)

3.09 (1.30–7.33)

3.12 (1.31–7.41)

FPG ≥ 100 (mg/dl)

 No

14.9 (11.2–19.8)

10.0 (7.3–13.6)

1

1

 Yes

10.0 (4.1–48.8)

10.1 (2.5–40.4)

1.01 (0.21–4.19)

1.23 (0.29–5.14)

TG ≥ 110 (mg/dl)

 No

13.0 (9.0–18.6)

8.5 (5.8–12.6)

1

1

 Yes

19.2 (12.4–29.1)

13.5 (8.4–21.7)

1.60 (0.86–2.96)

1.77 (0.95–3.29)

HDL-C < 40 (mg/dl)

 No

14.5 (10.3–20.4)

9.7 (6.7–14.1)

1

1

 Yes

16.0 (9.8–25.5)

10.8 (6.4–18.3)

1.12 (0.59–2.13)

1.87 (0.62–2.26)

Hypertension

 No

11.8 (7.9–17.3)

7.9 (5.2–12.0)

1

1

 Yes

20.0 (13.4–29.2)

13.3 (8.6–20.7)

1.77 (0.96–3.24)

1.60 (0.86–2.96)

Mets

 No

13.2 (9.6–18.0)

8.7 (6.2–12.1)

1

1

 Yes

33.3 (18.2–55.7)

28.8 (14.4–57.7)

3.22 (1.49–6.96)

3.55 (1.51–7.03)

Paternal obesity

 Non-obese

13.5 (9.3–19.5)

8.6 (5.8–12.8)

1

1

 Obese

17.5 (7.7–37.0)

11.4 (4.7–27.4)

1.32 (0.50–3.47)

1.33 (0.51–3.49)

Maternal obesity

 Non-obese

9.7 (6.2–14.9)

5.9 (3.7–9.4)

1

1

 Obese

30.0 (20.6–42.6)

23.6 (15.2–36.5)

3.85 (2.04–7.29)

4.43 (2.33–8.45)

Paternal educational level

 Diploma or lower than diploma

14.8 (10.5–20.7)

10.0 (6.9–14.4)

1

1

 Higher than diploma

13.9 (6.0–20.2)

8.8 (3.6–21.0)

0.91 (0.35–2.35)

0.96 (0.37–2.51)

Maternal educational level

 Diploma or lower than diploma

14.2 (10.4–19.2)

9.3 (6.7–12.9)

1

1

 Higher than diploma

22.2 (10.7–42.9)

18.6 (8.3–41.3)

1.81 (0.76–4.30)

1.82 (0.77–4.34)

  1. Overweight, 1SD < BMI-for-age ≤ 2SD based on WHO criteria; WC waist circumference; FPG fasting plasma glucose, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglycerides; Paternal obesity, Father’s BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2; Maternal obesity, Mother’s BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2; Hypertension, SBP and/or DBP ≥90th percentile for gender and age; Mets, Metabolic syndrome for children based on the definition of Cook et al. work
  2. aAdjusted for age at baseline
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