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Table 3 Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of potential risk factors in boys

From: Incidence of obesity and its predictors in children and adolescents in 10 years of follow up: Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS)

Variables

Cumulative Incidence of Obesity (95% CI)

Incidence rate (in 1000 person year)

Un-adjusted HR (95% CI)

Adjusted HRa (95% CI)

Weight groups

 Normal weight

10.5 (7.1–15.3)

6.9 (4.6–10.4)

1

1

 Overweight

55.4 (43-68.6)

66.8 (47–94.9)

9.16 (5.33–15.47)

10.42 (6.04–17.97)

WC ≥ 90th

 No

16.6 (12.6–21.8)

11.6 (8.5–15.6)

1

1

 Yes

54.6 (35.7–75.6)

82.3 (46.8–145.0)

5.93 (3.11–11.32)

9.31 (4.62–18.73)

FPG ≥ 100 (mg/dl)

 No

19.0 (14.6–24.7)

13.8 (10.3–18.4)

1

1

 Yes

20.4 (9.0–42.2)

16.0 (6.7–38.5)

1.10 (0.44–2.77)

1.32 (0.45–2.85)

TG ≥ 110 (mg/dl)

 No

20.0 (15.1–26.2)

14.8 (10.9–20.2)

1

1

 Yes

14.7 (7.6–27.2)

9.9 (5.0–19.8)

0.70 (0.32–1.48)

0.72 (0.34–1.54)

HDL-C < 40 (mg/dl)

 No

17.7 (12.9–24.0)

12.8 (9.0–18.0)

1

1

 Yes

22.5 (14.5–34.1)

16.7 (10.2–27.3)

1.32 (0.73–2.40)

1.18 (0.65–2.15)

Hypertension

 No

18.0 (13.1–24.6)

13.2 (9.3–18.7)

1

1

 Yes

23.8 (16.3–33.8)

17.4 (11.5–26.5)

1.37 (0.80–2.36)

1.24 (0.72–2.14)

MetS

 No

18.0 (13.7–23.4)

12.9 (9.6–17.4)

1

1

 Yes

37.5 (18.9–65.1)

32.5 (15.8–87.4)

2.58 (1.10–6.06)

2.33 (1.00–5.48)

Paternal obesity

 Non-obese

14.8 (10.1–21.3)

9.8 (6.5–14.6)

1

1

 Obese

47.8 (32.6–65.7)

46.5 (28.5–76.0)

4.41 (2.34–8.30)

3.93 (2.08–7.42)

Maternal obesity

 Non-obese

15.1 (10.5–21.5)

10.0 (6.7–14.8)

1

1

 Obese

26.0 (17.3–38.1)

19.8 (12.5–31.5)

1.92 (1.05–3.52)

2.14 (1.66–3.94)

Paternal educational level

 Diploma or lower than diploma

19.6 (14.4–26.1)

14.2 (10.2–19.8)

1

1

 Higher than diploma

22.5 (12.4–38.8)

17.0 (8.8–32.6)

1.16 (0.56–2.41)

1.15 (0.55–2.34)

Maternal educational level

 Diploma or lower than diploma

20.2 (15.6–26.0)

14.4 (10.9–19.2)

1

1

 Higher than diploma

16.7 (7.3–35.5)

14.3 (6.0–34.4)

0.87 (0.35–2.19)

0.68 (0.55–0.83)

  1. Overweight, 1SD < BMI-for-age ≤ 2SD based on WHO criteria; WC waist circumference, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglycerides, Paternal obesity, Father’s BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2; Maternal obesity, Mother’s BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2; Hypertension, SBP and/or DBP ≥90th percentile for gender and age; MetS, Metabolic syndrome for children based on the definition of Cook et al. work
  2. aAdjusted for age at baseline
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