Table 1 Clinical characteristics and adrenal size of the study population (n = 350)
From: Sonographic evaluation of adrenal size in neonates (23 to 41 weeks of gestation)
Group 1 (n = 41) Gestational age < 30 wk | Group 2 (n = 154) Gestational age 30 - 36 wk | Group 3 (n = 155) Gestational age > 36 wk | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Neonatal characteristics | ||||
Gestational age, wk | 27.3 (25.2–29.1) | 34.6 (33.2–35.7) | 39.0 (37.7–39.9) | < 0.01 |
Birth weight, g | 849 (622–1206) | 1970 (1670–2203) | 2886 (2264–3260) | < 0.01 |
Sex, male: female | 10: 31 | 85: 69 | 77: 78 | < 0.01 |
1-min Apgar score | 6 (3–7) | 8 (7–9) | 8 (8–9) | < 0.01 |
5-min Apgar score | 7 (6–8.5) | 9 (9–9) | 9 (8–9) | < 0.01 |
Low 1-min Apgar score, n (%) | 29 (71) | 23 (15) | 28 (18) | < 0.01 |
Small for gestational age, n (%) | 13 (32) | 34 (22) | 36 (23) | 0.34 |
Maternal characteristics | ||||
Maternal preeclampsia, n (%) | 12 (29) | 23 (15) | 5 (0.3) | < 0.01 |
Premature rupture of the membrane, n (%) | 16 (39) | 56 (36) | 22 (14) | < 0.01 |
Antenatal steroids, n (%) | 31 (76) | 67 (44) | 0 (0) | < 0.01 |
Tocolysis, n (%) | 26 (63) | 99 (64) | 0 (0) | < 0.01 |
Fetal distress, n (%) | 10 (24) | 22 (14) | 34 (22) | 0.12 |
Cesarean section, n (%) | 29 (71) | 98 (64) | 52 (34) | < 0.01 |
Adrenal size of the neonates | ||||
Adrenal area at birth, mm2 | 47.0 (37.0–53.5) | 64.0 (51.0–76.3) | 93.0 (75.0–112.0) | < 0.01 |
Corrected adrenal area index at birth, mm2/kg | 51.1 (38.1–65.2) | 33.3 (26.8–40.0) | 33.9 (28.4–38.7) | < 0.01 |