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Table 2 Socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics of children with elevated blood pressure in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

From: Elevated blood pressure among primary school children in Dar es salaam, Tanzania: prevalence and risk factors

 

All

Normal BP

Elevated BP

p-value

Mean ± SD N (%)

Mean ± SD N (%)

Mean ± SD N (%)

 

Age (years)

11.1 ± 2.0

11.1 ± 2.1

12.1 ± 1.8

0.0001

Age category

  ≤ 10 years

138 (30.9)

127 (33.8)

11 (15.7)

0.0029

  > 10 years

308 (69.1)

249 (66.2)

59 (84.3)

 

Gender

 Boys

209 (46.9)

174 (46.3)

35 (50.0)

0.5665

 Girls

237 (53.1)

202 (53.7)

35 (50.0)

 

Body mass (kg)

34.1 ± 11.8

32.5 ± 10.7

42.8 ± 13.7

< 0.0001

Height (cm)

142.1 ± 13.3

140.6 ± 12.8

149.8 ± 13.6

< 0.0001

BMI (kg/m2)

16.6 ± 4.0

16.1 ± 3.6

18.9 ± 5.2

< 0.0001

BMI category

 Underweight

65 (14.6)

57 (15.2)

8 (11.4)

 

 Normal weight

314 (70.4)

276 (73.4)

38 (54.2)

< 0.0001

 Overweight

44 (9.8)

32 (8.5)

12 (17.2)

 

 Obese

23 (5.2)

11 (2.9)

12 (17.2)

 

Place of residence

 Rural

197 (44.2)

169 (44.9)

28 (40.0)

0.4441

 Urban

249 (55.8)

207 (55.1)

42 (60.0)

 

Number of adults in family

 Less than 6 adults

187 (41.9)

157 (41.8)

30 (42.9)

0.8638

 6 and above adults

259 (58.1)

219 (58.2)

40 (57.1)

 

Number of children

 Less than 3 children

201 (45.3)

163 (43.4)

38 (54.3)

0.0914

 3 and above children

245 (54.7)

223 (56.6)

22 (45.7)

 

Pocket money for school

  ≤ 500 Tanzanian shillings

315 (70.5)

268 (71.3)

47 (67.1)

0.4857

  > 500 Tanzanian shillings

131 (29.5)

108 (28.7)

23 (32.9)

 
  1. BMI Body Mass Index, BP Blood Pressure, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure, SD Standard Deviation