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Table 3 Vitamin intake in the studied children from Piła according to gender

From: Gender differences and typical nutrition concerns of the diets of preschool children – the results of the first stage of an intervention study

Nutrient

Reference values

Girls

(n = 61)

Boys

(n = 61)

All children

(n = 122)

P

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Vitamin A (retinol equivalent) (μg)

300a

702

321

856

390

779

364

0.019

Retinol (μg)

NA

368

187

413

225

390

207

NS

Beta-carotene (μg)

NA

2007

1196

2618

1758

2313

1529

0.042

Vitamin D (μg)

10a

2.09

1.43

2.54

2.75

2.31

2.19

NS

Vitamin E (mg)

6b

6.24 (5.39c)

2.48 (0.32d)

6.78 (6.26c)

2.78 (0.36d)

6.51 (6.02c)

2.64 (0.24d)

NS

Vitamin B1 (mg)

0.5a

0.863

0.305

0.972

0.416

0.918

0.367

NS

Vitamin B2 (mg)

0.5a

1.367

0.453

1.582

0.540

1.475

0.508

0.007

Vitamin B6 (mg)

0.5a

1.33

0.39

1.46

0.46

1.40

0.43

NS

Folic acid (μg)

160a

160.7

37.7

172.4

41.4

166.6

39.9

NS

Vitamin B12 (μg)

1.0a

2.32

0.91

2.61

0.99

2.46

0.96

0.026

Niacin (mg)

6a

9.97

3.18

10.51

3.99

10.24

3.60

NS

Vitamin C (mg)

40a

68.7

28.1

102.0

84.3

85.3

64.8

0.035

  1. NA not available, P significance, NS not significant (P > 0.05)
  2. aEAR, bAI, cmedian, dstandard error