Table 1 Sample characteristics by cash grant receipt (any grant vs. no grant into the child’s household)
Total (n = 854) | Grant (n = 624) | No grant (n = 230) | X2 or F (df), p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Country | ||||
South Africa | 708 (82.9%) | 624 (88.1%) | 84 (11.9%) | 477.8 (1), p < 0.001 |
Malawi | 146 (17.1%) | 0 | 146 (100%) | |
Child gender | ||||
Boy | 400 (47.7%) | 289 (72.3%) | 111 (27.8%) | 0.13 (1), p = 0.76 |
Girl | 439 (52.3%) | 322 (73.3%) | 117 (26.7%) | |
Child age | 10.21 (2.81) | 9.99 (2.80) | 10.80 (2.73) | 14.02 (1), p < 0.001 |
Child HIV status | ||||
HIV positive | 115 (13.5%) | 69 (60.0%) | 46 (40.0%) | 11.89 (1), p = 0.01 |
HIV negative or unknown | 737 (86.5%) | 555 (75.3%) | 182 (24.7%) | |
Home | ||||
Living in a house or flat | 689 (86.6%) | 481 (69.8%) | 208 (30.2%) | 13.47 (1), p < 0.001 |
Living in a shack | 107 (13.4%) | 93 (86.9%) | 14 (13.1%) | |
N of household assets | 3.90 (1.93) | 2.60 (2.16) | 4.38 (1.58) | 173.15 (1), p < 0.001 |
Child cognitive outcomes | ||||
Draw-a-person test | 91.25 (17.28) | 95.29 (14.92) | 80.34 (18.47) | 144.90 (1), p < 0.001 |
Digit span test | 8.97 (3.56) | 9.34 (3.54) | 7.98 (3.44) | 24.28 (1), p < 0.001 |
Learning difficulty | 0.20 (0.47) | 0.15 (0.43) | 0.33 (0.56) | 26.43 (1), p < 0.001 |
Remembering difficulty | 0.34 (0.58) | 0.31 (0.56) | 0.42 (0.63) | 6.68 (1), p = 0.01 |
Comprehension difficulty | 0.04 (0.24) | 0.04 (0.20) | 0.07 (0.32) | 3.91 (1), p = 0.048 |
Total cognitive difficulties | 0.58 (1.04) | 0.49 (0.94) | 0.83 (1.24) | 17.99 (1), p < 0.001 |