Improving feeding and growth of HIV-positive children through nutrition training of frontline health workers in Tanga, Tanzania

Table 5 Effect of the intervention on nutrition status through changes in dietary diversity: Instrumental variable random effect regression

Variable	Underweight-model			Thinness-model
Variable	β	95% CI	P	β	95% CI	P
Intervention*follow-up	1.11	0.94, 1.28	<0.001	1.10	0.96, 1.24	<0.001
Intervention	−0.08	−0.22, 0.07	0.310	−0.07	−0.19, 0.05	0.254
Follow-up	0.48	0.35, 0.60	<0.001	0.46	0.36, 0.56	<0.001
Age	0.01	−0.01, 0.01	0.911	−0.01	−0.01, 0.01	0.349
Sex	−0.06	−0.17, 0.06	0.354	0.01	−0.10, 0.10	0.973
Caregiver’s education	0.03	−0.07, 0.13	0.544	0.02	−0.06, 0.10	0.629
Wealth index	0.01	−0.04, 0.06	0.583	0.01	−0.03, 0.04	0.865
Food insecurity	−0.01	−0.02, −0.01	0.001	−0.01	−0.02, −0.01	<0.001
Second stage: random effects regression: changes in nutrition status as a result of changes in dietary diversity
Variable	Underweight (WAZ < −2SD)			Thinness (BMIAZ < −2SD)
Variable	β	95% CI	P	β	95% CI	P
Dietary diversity	−0.16	−0.25,-0.07	0.001	−0.05	−0.10, 0.01	0.078
Intervention	−0.10	−0.18,-0.01	0.022	−0.04	−0.09, 0.01	0.121
Follow-up	0.13	0.03, 0.24	0.015	0.03	−0.04, 0.09	0.408
Age	0.01	0.01, 0.01	0.021	0.01	0.01, 0.01	<0.001
Sex	−0.02	−0.09, 0.05	0.614	−0.01	−0.05, 0.04	0.887
Caregiver’s education	0.01	−0.06, 0.21	0.934	−0.03	−0.07, 0.01	0.073
Wealth index	−0.03	−0.06, 0.06	0.047	−0.01	−0.03, 0.01	0.108
Food insecurity	−0.01	−0.01, 0.01	0.684	−0.01	−0.01,-0.01	0.022

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