Table 3 Standardized mean differences (effect size, ES) according to sociodemographic and clinical variables

 8–11y^a

0.34

0.39

0.04

0.26

0.58

0.61

0.56

 12–19y

 Boys

–0.27

−0.05

0.10

−0.10

0.48

0.005

0.0001

 Girls^a

 Biparental^a

0.67

0.21

0.26

0.37

0.24

0.30

0.42

 Monoparental

 Primary school

0.29

0.13

0.10

0.25

0.03

0.01

0.21

 Secondary school

0.16

0.002

0.14

0.20

0.06

0.09

0.21

 University degree^a

 No changes on treatment^a

 Changes on diet/nutrition

0.54

0.48

0.06

0.24

0.15

0.43

0.70

 Bolus calculator

0.54

0.40

0.43

0.18

0.12

0.51

0.32

Hypoglycemia

 Yes^a

0.37

1.16

−0.16

0.49

1.52

1.28

−0.34

 No

 Yes^a

−0.61

−0.47

−0.03

−0.41

−0.14

−0.31

−1.02

 No

  > 7.5% (58 mmol/mol)^a

−0.5

−0.23

−0.17

−0.33

−0.18

−0.38

−0.40

 ≤7.5% (58 mmol/mol)

Time w/diagnoses

 ≤5 years^a

0.23

0.24

0.14

0.32

0.21

0.32

−0.02

  > 5 years

 High^a

0.53

0.31

0.01

0.10

0.12

0.33

0.30

 Low