Early predictors of behavioural problems in pre-schoolers – a longitudinal study of constitutional and environmental main and interaction effects

Table 2 Bivariate logistic regression predicting internalizing problems at age 3

	Odds Ratio	95.0 % CI for OR	p-value
Internalizing ≥ 90th percentile
BDNF Val66Met
Val/Met compared to Val/Val	1.088	0.674–1.757	0.730
Met/Met compared to Val/Val	0.712	0.166–3.058	0.648
EPDS	3.838	2.254–6.535	<0.001
Life events	3.321	1.716–6.425	<0.001
LSS	2.394	1.199–4.779	0.013
Parental unemployment	2.749	1.566–4.828	<0.001
Parental immigration status	3.084	1.778–5.350	<0.001
Anxious depressed ≥ 90th percentile
BDNF Val66Met
Val/Met compared to Val/Val	1.886	1.069–3.326	0.028
Met/Met compared to Val/Val	0.707	0.093–5.370	0.738
EPDS	3.048	1.569–5.920	0.001
Life events	4.076	1.934–8.587	<0.001
LSS	3.270	1.518–7.046	0.002
Parental unemployment	2.610	1.313–5.188	0.006
Parental immigration status	3.835	2.025–7.263	<0.001
Withdrawn ≥ 90th percentile
BDNF Val66Met
Val/Met compared to Val/Val	0.776	0.421–1.430	0.416
Met/Met compared to Val/Val	1.536	0.449–5.256	0.494
EPDS	3.212	1.816–6.410	<0.001
Life events	3.704	1.768–7.763	0.001
LSS	2.095	0.910–4.826	0.082
Parental unemployment	2.549	1.316–4.935	0.006
Parental immigration status	3.716	2.003–6.895	<0.001

CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio, BDNF brain derived neurotrophic factor, EPDS Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, LSS life stress score, CBCL child behaviour checklist. Results concerning Apgar score, Small for Gestational Age (SGA), smoking during pregnancy, birthweight, duration of gestation, neonatal illness, non-optimal pregnancy/birth, sex and 5-HTTLPR were not statistically significant and are not shown
Logistic regression. Dependent variables: CBCL (internalizing, withdrawn and anxious depressed). Independent variables (0 is used as a reference level): EPDS (0 ≤ 9, 1 ≥ 10), Life Events and LSS (0 < 90th percentile, 1 ≥ 90th percentile), Parental unemployment (0 = both parents employed, 1 = one or both parents unemployed), Parental immigration status (0 = both parents born in Sweden, 1 = one or both parents born abroad)

ISSN: 1471-2431