Table 2 Prevalence of anemia by different factors
Variables | Weighted Prevalence | 95 % CI | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
Household characteristics | |||
Number of HH members | |||
≤4 | 49.5 | 45.0-54.1 | 0.408 |
5-8 | 53.3 | 50.2-56.4 | |
≥9 | 52.1 | 45.2-59.0 | |
Number of under-5 children | |||
One | 51.5 | 48.4-54.5 | 0.642 |
More than one | 52.7 | 48.3-57.1 | |
Number of living children | |||
1 | 54.8 | 50.1-59.5 | 0.078 |
2 | 47.1 | 42.6-51.7 | |
3 | 54.0 | 48.4-59.7 | |
>3 | 53.8 | 48.0-59.6 | |
Toilet facilities | |||
Improved | 49.5 | 45.7-53.2 | 0.140 |
Non-improved | 53.6 | 49.8-57.4 | |
Water source | |||
Improved | 51.1 | 48.5-53.8 | <0.01 |
Non-improved | 74.3 | 60.8-87.8 | |
Wealth index | |||
Poor | 57.9 | 53.8-62.0 | <0.001 |
Middle | 52.4 | 47.9-56.9 | |
Rich | 44.3 | 40.0-48.7 | |
Parental characteristics | |||
Maternal age (years) | |||
<20 | 65.6 | 59.0-72.3 | <0.001 |
20-29 | 50.2 | 46.9-53.6 | |
30-39 | 48.8 | 43.6-53.9 | |
≥40 | 54.2 | 40.3-68.1 | |
Maternal education | |||
No education | 51.4 | 45.8-56.9 | 0.012 |
Primary | 53.8 | 49.5-58.0 | |
Secondary | 53.2 | 49.2-57.2 | |
Higher | 37.0 | 28.1-45.9 | |
Father's education | |||
No education | 51.3 | 46.5-56.1 | <0.01 |
Primary | 56.2 | 51.6- 60.8 | |
Secondary | 52.3 | 47.8-56.8 | |
Higher | 41.6 | 34.8-48.4 | |
Maternal anemia | |||
Anemic | 61.6 | 58.2-65.0 | <0.001 |
Not anemic | 44.3 | 40.9-47.6 | |
Mother’s BMI | |||
<18.5 kg/m2 | 58.0 | 53.2-62.8 | <0.01 |
≥18.5 kg/m2 | 49.2 | 46.3-52.1 | |
Child’s characteristics | |||
Sex of children | |||
Male | 53.0 | 49.6-56.5 | 0.363 |
Female | 50.8 | 47.2-54.4 | |
Age of the children (months) | |||
6-23 months | 70.8 | 66.8-74.8 | <0.001 |
24-59 months | 42.7 | 39.6-45.8 | |
Size of children at birth | |||
Large | 55.5 | 49.1-62.0 | 0.447 |
Average | 51.0 | 47.84-54.2 | |
Small | 52.8 | 47.1-58.5 | |
Continuous breastfeeding | |||
No | 40.2 | 36.2-44.1 | <0.001 |
Yes | 58.6 | 55.4-61.8 | |
Diarrhea in last 2 weeks | |||
No | 51.9 | 49.3-54.5 | 0.815 |
Yes | 53.3 | 41.7-64.8 | |
Fever in last 2 weeks | |||
No | 48.8 | 45.6-52.1 | <0.01 |
Yes | 56.9 | 53.0-60.7 | |
Stunting | |||
No (HAZ ≥ −2 SD) | 49.2 | 46.1-52.3 | 0.031 |
Yes (HAZ < −2 SD) | 55.0 | 50.7-59.3 | |
Under-weight | |||
No (WAZ ≥ −2 SD) | 51.5 | 48.4-54.7 | 0.905 |
Yes (WAZ < −2 SD) | 51.8 | 47.7-55.9 | |
Wasting | |||
No (WHZ ≥ −2 SD) | 51.8 | 49.0-54.6 | 0.822 |
Yes (WHZ < −2 SD) | 51.1 | 45.2-56.9 | |
Community characteristics | |||
Place of residence | |||
Urban | 47.4 | 42.7-52.2 | 0.046 |
Rural | 53.1 | 50.1-56.2 |