|
Pre-pubertal1 (n = 205)
|
Pubertal2 (n = 306)
|
Late /Post-pubertal 3 (n = 317)
|
p-value4
|
Pre-pubertal1 (n = 178)
|
Pubertal2 (n = 370)
|
Late/Post-pubertal3 (n = 609)
|
p-value 4
|
Age (y) [median (IQR)]
|
9.5 (8.3 – 11.0)
|
12.1 (10.5 – 13.5)
|
16.0 (15.1 – 17.2)
| |
8.4 (7.6 – 9.3)
|
12.1 (10.8 – 13.8)
|
15.9 (14.7 – 17.3)
| |
Cardiometabolic risk factors [N(%)]
| | | | | | | | |
Increased waist circumference5
|
48 (23.4 %)
|
59 (19.3 %)
|
41 (12.9 %)
|
0.007
|
18 (10.1 %)
|
55 (14.9 %)
|
120 (19.7 %)
|
0.005
|
High triglyceride6
|
28 (14.4 %)
|
29 (9.7 %)
|
20 (6.3 %)
|
0.011
|
15 (9.0 %)
|
46 (12.5 %)
|
55 (9.0 %)
|
0.190
|
Low HDL-C7
|
18 (9.2 %)
|
28 (9.3 %)
|
26 (8.2 %)
|
0.873
|
17 (10.2 %)
|
26 (7.1 %)
|
35 (5.7 %)
|
0.128
|
High fasting plasma glucose8
|
3 (1.5 %)
|
7 (2.3 %)
|
10 (3.2 %)
|
0.573
|
0 (0.0 %)
|
9 (2.4 %)
|
7 (1.1 %)
|
0.065
|
High blood pressure9
|
58 (28.3 %)
|
62 (20.3 %)
|
46 (14.5 %)
|
0.001
|
32 (18.0 %)
|
62 (16.8 %)
|
72 (11.8 %)
|
0.033
|
Clustering of the above CMRFs10
|
9 (4.6 %)
|
12 (4.0 %)
|
10 (3.2 %)
|
0.705
|
3 (1.8 %)
|
10 (2.7 %)
|
10 (1.6 %)
|
0.495
|
Overweight/obese11
|
77 (37.6 %)
|
79 (25.8 %)
|
49 (15.5 %)
|
<0.001
|
28 (15.7 %)
|
57 (15.4 %)
|
104 (17.1 %)
|
0.768
|
Obese 12
|
37 (18.0 %)
|
30 (9.8 %)
|
9 (2.8 %)
|
<0.001
|
9 (5.1 %)
|
21 (5.7 %)
|
31 (5.1 %)
|
0.915
|
Cardiometabolic Risk Score [mean (SD)]
| | | | | | | | |
Cardiometabolic Risk Score α13
|
0.65 (3.38)
|
0.38 (3.26)
|
0.55 (3.05)
|
0.620
|
−0.49 (2.96)
|
0.22 (2.72)
|
0.41 (2.92)
|
0.002
|
Cardiometabolic Risk Score β14
|
0.61 (2.88)
|
0.36 (2.60)
|
0.60 (2.59)
|
0.460
|
−0.08 (2.45)
|
0.23 (2.30)
|
0.28 (2.46)
|
0.220
|