Table 2 Correlates of Anemia in HIV-infected children (n = 248)

Socio-demographic

   Age (Pre-school vs. school-age)^b

2.68 (1.55, 4.61)

< 0.01

2.87 (1.45, 5.70)

< 0.01

   Sex (males vs. females)

0.97 (0.58, 1.62)

0.89

   Rural vs. urban

6.45 (3.57, 11.68)

< 0.01

12.09 (5.64, 25.96)

< 0.01

HIV and care-related

   Advanced HIV stage (Stage 3,4 vs. 1,2)

3.47 (1.83, 6.57)

< 0.01

6.95 (3.06, 15.79)

< 0.01

   Advanced/severe immunodeficiency^c

4.48 (2.01, 10.0)

< 0.01

   Antiretroviral therapy (ART)

0.29 (0.16, 0.53)

< 0.01

   ART type (d4T vs. AZT)

1.35 (0.43, 4.30)

0.81

   Use of cotrimoxazole

1.15 (0.68, 1.92)

0.61

   TB/HIV co-infection

3.29 (1.57, 6.92)

< 0.01

3.36 (1.43, 7.89)

< 0.01^d

   Use of nutritional supplements (multivitamins, iron)

0.68 (0.40, 1.16)

0.15

0.44 (0.22, 0.90)

0.03

   Care (institutionalized vs. home-based)

0.38 (0.20, 0.72)

< 0.01

Anthropometric

   Underweight

2.56 (1.51, 4.34)

< 0.01

   Stunting

3.21 (1.85, 5.56)

< 0.01

3.24 (1.65, 6.35)

< 0.01

   Wasting

1.58 (0.91, 2.76)

0.11