Table 5 Risk factors for death among children with seizures
Risk factors for death | Deaths, (%) | Survivors, (%) | Crude Odds ratio (95% CI) | P-value | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median (IQR) duration of illness, days | 3 (1–4) | 2 (1–3) | - | 0.170 | - | - |
Median age (IQR), months | 17(3–33) | 25(13–42) | - | 0.048 | - | - |
Focal seizures | 8/25 (32.0) | 149/839(17.8) | 2.18(0.80, 5.45) | 0.069 | - | - |
Status epilepticus | 12/28 (42.9) | 86/872 (9.9) | 6.85(2.85, 16.0) | <0.001 | - | - |
Coma | 14/28 (50.0) | 73/872 (8.4) | 11.0(4.62, 25.7) | <0.001 | 10.3(3.21, 33.1) | <0.001 |
Severe wasting | 4/28 (14.3) | 8/872 (0.9) | 18.0(3.67, 72.3) | <0.001 | - | - |
Severe anaemia | 4/28 (14.3) | 52/872 (6.0) | 2.63(0.64, 8.05) | 0.073 | - | - |
Acidosis | 16/20 (80.0) | 125/381(32.8) | 8.19(2.56, 34.2) | <0.001 | 7.19(1.94, 26.7) | 0.003 |
Hypoglycaemia | 6/27 (22.2) | 21/837 (2.5) | 11.1(3.30, 33.3) | <0.001 | 7.06(1.73, 28.7) | 0.006 |
Hyperkalaemia | 5/24 (20.8) | 32/414 (7.7) | 3.14(.86, 9.45) | 0.025 | - | - |
Hypokalaemia | 2/24 (8.3) | 14/414 (3.4) | 2.60(0.27, 12.4) | 0.209 | - | - |
Hyponatraemia | 2/24 (8.3) | 12/414 (2.9) | 3.05(0.31, 15.0) | 0.141 | - | - |
Impaired renal function | 14/24 (58.3) | 46/383 (12.0) | 10.3(3.94, 27.2) | <0.001 | - | - |
Bacteraemia | 4/27 (14.8) | 19/855 (2.2) | 7.65(1.75, 25.6) | <0.001 | 16.9(3.39, 33.1) | 0.001 |
Malaria | 11/28 (39.3) | 468/872(53.7) | 0.56(0.23, 1.28) | 0.133 | - | - |
Respiratory tract infections | 0/28 (0) | 138/872(16.4) | - | 0.022 | - | - |
Gastroenteritis | 1/28 (3.6) | 38/872 (4.4) | 0.81(0.02, 5.42) | 0.841 | - | - |
Pyogenic meningitis | 4/28 (14.3) | 20/872 (2.3) | 7.1(1.63, 23.5) | <0.001 | - | - |
Neonatal sepsis | 2/28 (7.1) | 31/872 (3.6) | 2.08(0.23, 8.98) | 0.320 | - | - |
Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy | 2/28 (7.1) | 3/872 (0.3) | 22.3(1.77, 200) | <0.001 | - | - |