Table 1 Clinical and laboratory features on admission
Patient characteristics | Patients with seizures | Patients without seizures | Crude OR, (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Median (IQR) age, months | 25.1 (12.5, 41.4) | 13.1 (3.7, 36.3) | - | <0.001 |
Males, (%) | 488/900 (54.2) | 2,311/4,020 (57.5) | 0.88 (0.76, 1.01) | 0.074 |
Median (IQR) duration of illness, days | 2 (1 – 3) | 3 (2 – 4) | - | <0.001 |
Fever, (%) | 829/900 (92.1) | 2,649/4,021 (65.9) | 6.05 (4.69, 7.89) | <0.001 |
Severe wasting, (%) | 12/900 (1.3) | 257/4,019 (6.4) | 0.20 (0.10, 0.35) | <0.001 |
Severe anaemia, (%) | 56/900 (6.2) | 291/4,021 (7.2) | 0.85 (0.62, 1.15) | 0.282 |
Mean (SD) WBC, × 103/μl | 13.8 (9.9) | 14.0 (9.5) | - | 0.612 |
Proportion with malaria parasitaemia, (%) | 489/885 (55.3) | 647/3,910 (16.6) | 6.18 (5.27, 7.24) | <0.001 |
Geometric mean (95% CI) parasite density, × 103/μl | 34.9 (28.5, 42.6) | 20.8 (16.9, 25.7) | - | <0.001 |
Hypoglycaemia, (%) | 27/864 (3.1) | 136/3,682 (3.7) | 0.84 (0.53, 1.29) | 0.418 |
Acidosis, (%) | 141/401 (35.2) | 652/1,665 (39.2) | 0.84 (0.67, 1.06) | 0.140 |
Moderate – severe hyponatraemia, (%) | 14/438 (3.2) | 41/2,064 (2.0) | 1.63 (0.81, 3.08) | 0.117 |
Hypokalaemia, (%) | 16/438 (3.7) | 243/2,061 (11.8) | 0.28 (0.16, 0.48) | <0.001 |
Hyperkalaemia, (%) | 37/438 (8.5) | 239/2,061 (11.6) | 0.70 (0.48, 1.02) | 0.056 |
Impaired renal function, (%) | 60/407 (14.7) | 408/1,864 (21.9) | 0.62 (0.45, 0.83) | 0.001 |
Bacteraemia, (%) | 23/882 (2.6) | 225/3,720 (6.1) | 0.42 (0.26, 0.64) | <0.001 |