Table 4 Effect of various factors on the course of developmental delay

Prenatal

Fecundation in vitro

1.3 (0.3–7.9)

1.1 (0.3–6.5)

Drug exposure in pregnancy ‡

1.3 (0.5–6.6)

1.4 (0.6–7.4)

Tobacco smoke exposure in pregnancy

1.1 (0.7–2.2)

1.2 (0.7–3.0)

Multiple gestation

1.5 (0.8–6.9)

1.6 (0.8–7.4)

Prematurity

3.0 (1.3–7.8)*

2.1 (0.8–7.2)

IUGR

4.3 (1.5–9.0)*

5.1 (1.8–11.0)*

Hypertensive disease of pregnancy §

1.1 (0.3–7.8)

1.0 (0.3–6.9)

Hemorrhagic complications of pregnancy ||

1.2 (0.4–7.1)

1.0 (0.4–6.5)

Perinatal

Cesarean section

1.0 (0.5–2.8)

1.0 (0.5–3.2)

Birth asphyxia

1.5 (0.7–7.7)

1.6 (0.8–8.1)

Neonatal hypoxia ¶

2.3 (1.2–7.7)*

2.0 (0.8–7.0)

Neonatal infection

1.2 (0.4–9.0)

1.2 (0.5–8.5)

Other

Low socio-economic status**

4.8 (2.4–9.9)*

4.6 (2.0–7.8)*

No adherence to treatment ††

5.5 (2.9–10.4)*

8.5 (3.4–15.5)*