Table 1 Clinical features of the four infants with PNDM
Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | Case 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
At diagnosis | ||||
Age | 14 days | 37 days | 2 months | 38 days |
Gender | F | M | M | M |
Family history of diabetes | negative | negative | negative | negative |
Birth weight | AGA | AGA | AGA | AGA |
Blood glucose level (mmol/L) | 39.0 | 48.5 | 27.0 | 40.0 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.9 | 8.3 | 11.9 | 8.5 |
C-peptide (ng/mL) | 0.31 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.57 |
Insulin level (mIU/L) | 3.1 | 1.5 | 0.9 | No data |
DKA | yes | yes | no | yes |
ABG | ||||
pH | 7.114 | 7.250 | 7.330 | 6.911 |
Bicarbonate (mmol/L) | 5.2 | 16.9 | 25.6 | 4.5 |
Pancreatic autoantibody | negative | negative | negative | negative |
Urine | ||||
Urine sugar | 4+ | 4+ | 3+ | 4+ |
Urine ketone | 4+ | 4+ | +/- | 3+ |
Pancreas ultrasonography | normal | normal | normal | normal |
Recent follow-up | ||||
Age | 35 months | 45 months | 54 months | 60 months |
Insulin injections | CSII | MII | MII | MII |
Insulin dosage | Humulin: basal 0.6 U/kg/dbolus 0.2 U/kg/d | Humulin: 0.7 U/kg/ day | Novolin 30R: 0.4 U/kg/ day | Humulin: 0.5 U/kg/day |
Hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia | rare | few | sometimes | always |
HbA1c (%) | 6.7 | 7.1 | 8.0 | 10.5 |
Combine with other problems | Development delay | No | epilepsy | No |