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Table 4 Univariate analysis: Specific clinical signs at 3 – 5 hours as predictors of abnormal 6-hour aEEG

From: Early clinical signs in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy predict an abnormal amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram at age 6 hours

Predictor

n

Abnormal aEEG n (%)

Sensitivity (95%CI)

Specificity (95%CI)

LR + (95%CI)

LR - (95%CI)

LR Test (Odds ratio) (95%CI)

Decreased LOC

Yes

31

24 (77)

67%

71%

2.29

0.47

4.86

No

29

12 (41)

(49 – 81)

(49 – 87)

(1.18 – 4.44)

(0.28 – 0.8)

(1.61 – 14.61)

Seizures visible

Yes

20

17 (85)

47%

88%

3.78

0.6

6.26

No

40

19 (48)

(30 – 65)

(68 – 97)

(1.24 – 11.5)

(0.43 – 0.85)

(1.67 – 23)

Hypotonia

Yes

14

12 (86)

33%

92%

3.38 a

0.74 a

4.59 a

No

46

24 (52)

(19 – 51)

(73 – 99)

(0.96 – 11.9)

(0.56 – 0.96)

(1.05 – 20.04)

Stretch reflexes abnormal

Yes

40

31(78)

86%

63%

2.3

0.22

10.33

No

20

5 (25)

(71 – 95)

(41 – 81)

(1.35 – 3.91)

(0.09 – 0.53)

(3.02 – 35.2)

Primitive reflexes abnormal

Yes

60

36 (100)

100%

0%

1.01 a

0.68 a

1.49 a

 

No

0

0 (0)

(90 – 100)

(0 – 14)

(0.94 – 1.08)

(0.01 – 32.95)

(0.03 – 77.62)

  1. a: When zero count cells are present, LR is estimated using a substitution formula: 0.5 is added to all cell frequencies before calculation.
  2. LOC: Level of consciousness, LR:Likelihood ratio, aEEG: amplitude-integrated EEG.