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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of study participants

From: Hand hygiene instruction decreases illness-related absenteeism in elementary schools: a prospective cohort study

Variable

No. of Children (%)

Alcott

Walsh

(N = 502)

(N = 479)

Race/ethnicity

    

 White

271

(54.0)

0

(0.0)

 Black

96

(19.1)

29

(6.0)

 Hispanic/Latino

101

(20.1)

444

(92.7)

 Others

34

(6.7)

6

(1.3)

Gender

    

 Male

215

(42.9)

246

(51.4)

 Female

287

(57.1)

233

(48.6)

Grade

    

 Pre-Kindergarten (ages 4–5)

60

(12.0)

40

(8.4)

 Kindergarten (ages 5–6)

61

(12.2)

47

(9.8)

 First (ages 6–7)

56

(11.2)

39

(8.1)

 Second (ages 7–8)

49

(9.8)

48

(10.0)

 Third (ages 8–9)

48

(9.6)

55

(11.5)

 Fourth (ages 9–10)

49

(9.8)

59

(12.3)

 Fifth (ages 10–11)

47

(9.8)

49

(10.2)

 Sixth (ages 11–12)

48

(9.6)

51

(10.6)

 Seventh (ages 12–13)

46

(9.2)

34

(7.1)

 Eighth (ages 13–14)

38

(7.6)

57

(11.9)

Low Income Students

157

(31.2)

448

(93.5)

Limited English Learners

32

(6.4)

102

(21.2)