Table 1 Characteristics for all subjects and by human milk intake
Group by proportion of enteral intake as human milk | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All subjects | <25% | 25-50% | 50-75% | >>75% | p value* | |
n = 171 | n = 17 | n = 30 | n = 36 | n = 88 | ||
Male sex n (%) | 85 (49) | 6 (35) | 12 (40) | 21 (58) | 45 (51) | 0.52 |
Gestational age, weeks, median (IQR) | 27 | 28.43 | 26.86 | 26.64 | 27 | 0.63 |
(25.4, 28.9) | (25.4, 29.6) | (25.4, 29.0) | (25.7, 28.5) | (25.6, 28.8) | ||
Birthweight, g, median (IQR) | 889 | 1083 | 861 | 848 | 880 | 0.31 |
(724, 1064) | (778, 1184) | (736, 1091) | (717, 1011) | (719, 1052) | ||
Birthweight z-score, median (IQR) | −0.40 | −0.32 | −0.19 | −0.48 | −0.45 | 0.98 |
(−0.99, 0.29) | (−0.52, 0.05) | (−0.89, 0.12) | (−1.15, 0.29) | (−0.93, 0.33) | ||
SGA at birth n (%) | 27 (16) | 3 (18) | 4 (13) | 7 (19) | 13 (15) | 0.89 |
Maternal antenatal steroids n (%) n = 163 | 132 (81) | 14 (88) | 22 (79) | 30 (88) | 65 (78) | 0.55 |
Postnatal dexamethasone n (%) | 53 (31) | 5 (29) | 10 (30) | 12 (34) | 25 (28) | 0.90 |
Age at first enteral feeding, days, median (IQR) | 2 (1, 2) | 2 (1, 2) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 2) | 2 (1, 2) | 0.34 |
Age at human milk fortification, days, median (IQR) (n = 161) | 14 (9, 22) | 10 (6, 25) | 19 (8, 25) | 13 (10, 20) | 14 (9, 21) | 0.74 |
Central line days, median (IQR) | 22 | 17 | 26 | 22 | 20 | 0.008 |
(13, 33) | (9, 27) | (15, 37) | (14, 34) | (13, 31) | ||
NEC n (%) | 3 (2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 2 (2) | 1 |
ROP n (%) | 63 (38) | 7 (47) | 14 (50) | 11 (33) | 27 (33) | 0.32 |
PDA n (%) | 85 (49) | 5 (29) | 16 (53) | 17 (49) | 45 (51) | 0.40 |
Sepsis n (%) | 26 (15) | 3 (18) | 6 (20) | 9 (25) | 8 (9) | 0.09 |
IVH n (%) | 31 (18) | 1 (6) | 4 (13) | 2 (6) | 23 (27) | 0.02 |
Oxygen at discharge n (%) | 116 (67) | 11 (65) | 20 (67) | 23 (64) | 60 (68) | 0.97 |
Postmenstrual age at discharge, weeks, median (IQR) | 38.7 (37.1, 40.4) | 37.85 (37.1, 40.9) | 39.92 (36.9, 41.3) | 39.21 (37.42, 40.79) | 38.27 (3.07, 39.6) | 0.01 |
Length of stay, days, median (IQR) | 79 (63, 96) | 71 (56, 124) | 89 (63, 103) | 84 (69, 100) | 77 (61, 94) | 0.18 |