Table 3 Regression analysis of determinants of HAZ and Stunting for children aged 12-59 months (n = 671), Agincourt, South Africa (2007)

Child Characteristics

HIV status (n = 671)

   Negative (n = 612) (ref)

0

0

1

1

   Positive (n = 28)

-0.7[-1.1, -0.2] 0.004

-0.8[-1.2, -0.3] 0.001

1.9 [0.8, 4.4] 0.142

2.3 [0.9, 5.6] 0.075

   Unknown status (n = 31)

0.3 [-0.2, 0.7] 0.249

0.2 [-0.2, 0.6] 0.398

0.3 [0.1, 1.4] 0.128

0.4 [0.1, 1.6] 0.186

Child age (n = 671)

0.2 [0.2, 0.3] <0.001

0.2 [0.1, 0.3] <0.001

0.6 [0.5, 0.7]<0.001

0.6 [0.5, 0.7]<0.001

Birth weight (n = 522)

   Normal; 2.5 kg (n = 468) (ref)

0

0

1

1

   Low; <2.5 kg (n = 54)

-0.6[-0.9, -0.3]<0.001

-0.6 [-0.9, -0.3]<0.001

2.1 [1.1, 4.0] 0.023

1.9 [0.9, 3.8] 0.070

Maternal Characteristics

Mother's age (n = 659)

   25-34 (n = 277) (ref)

0

0

1

1

   15-24 (n = 207)

-0.4 [-0.6, -0.2] 0.001

-0.3 [-0.5, -0.1] 0.005

1.7 [1.1, 2.7] 0.025

1.6 [1.0, 2.6] 0.051

   35+ (n = 175)

0.0 [-0.2, 0.2] 0.955

-0.1 [-0.3, 0.2] 0.578

0.8 [0.5, 1.4] 0.501

1.1 [0.6, 1.9] 0.851

Mother co-residence (n = 671)

   Co-residing (n = 650) (ref)

0

0

   Not co-residing (n = 21)

0.6 [0.1, 1.1] 0.019

0.6 [-0.1, 1.2] 0.082

0.5 [0.1, 2.1] 0.340

Household Characteristics

Relationship to child (n = 663)

   Parent (n = 283) (ref)

0

0

   Grandparent (n = 297)

-0.0 [-0.2, 0.2] 0.892

0.1 [-0.2, 0.3] 0.503

1.0 [0.7, 1.6] 0.871

   Other (n = 83)

-0.3 [-0.6, 0.0] 0.057

-0.2 [-0.5, 0.1] 0.267

1.2 [0.6, 2.2] 0.580

Area of Residence (n = 671)

   Mainly South African Village (n = 621) (ref)

0

0

1

1

   Mainly Mozambican Village (n = 50)

-0.5 [-0.8, -0.1] 0.008

-0.3 [-0.7, -0.0] 0.062

2.4 [1.3, 4.6] 0.006

2.2 [1.1, 4.3] 0.024