Table 7 Socio-demographic correlates of central obesity among Pakistani primary school children aged five to twelve years (n = 1860)
| Â | Total Sample (n = 1860) | Centrally Obesea (n = 189) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | n (%) | n (%) | P Value |
Gender | Â | Â | Â |
   Boys | 977 (52.5) | 93 (9.5) | 0.335 |
   Girls | 883 (47.5) | 96 (10.9) |  |
Grade | Â | Â | Â |
   One | 372 (20.0) | 29 (7.8) | < 0.001 |
   Two | 372 (20.0) | 18 (4.8) |  |
   Three | 372 (20.0) | 45 (12.1) |  |
   Four | 372 (20.0) | 55 (14.8) |  |
   Five | 372 (20.0) | 42 (11.3) |  |
Area and socioeconomic status (SES) | Â | Â | Â |
   Urban with high SES | 465 (25.0) | 101 (21.7) | < 0.001 |
   Urban with middle SES | 465 (25.0) | 58 (12.5) |  |
   Urban with low SES | 465 (25.0) | 28 (6.0) |  |
   Rural (low/disadvantaged SES) | 465 (25.0) | 2 (0.4) |  |
Neighborhood income | Â | Â | Â |
   Low | 651 (35.0) | 27 (4.1) | < 0.001 |
   Middle | 910 (48.9) | 97 (10.7) |  |
   High | 299 (16.1) | 65 (21.7) |  |
Parental education | Â | Â | Â |
   Illiterate | 366 (19.7) | 6 (1.6) | < 0.001 |
   High school | 496 (26.7) | 25 (5.0) |  |
   College | 531 (28.5) | 71 (13.4) |  |
   Higher education | 467 (25.1) | 87 (18.6) |  |