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Human milk fortifier (HMF) composition has been optimized recently. But clinical evidence of its safety and efficacy is limited in Chinese population. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of a new HMF...
The aim of this paper is to review the topic of neonatal fractures of the upper limb, describing the different types of fractures focusing on the etiology, epidemiology, risk factors, clinical approach, diagno...
The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and insulin resistance are driven by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. One of the single nucleotide polymorphisms...
During childhood and adolescence, skeletal microarchitecture and bone mineral density (BMD) undergo significant changes. Peak bone mass is built and its level significantly affects the condition of bones in la...
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is one of the most common causes of community-acquired pneumonia in children. Most children have fever. In 2021, we found that the proportion of children without fever increased. The a...
The study aimed to explore the effectiveness of bedside lung ultrasound (LUS) combined with the PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio in evaluating the outcomes of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy in infants with severe pn...
Late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS) is common in preterm neonates, with increasing incidence in recent years. In the present study, we examined the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and complications of LOS in...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection has many neurological manifestations, and its effects on the nervous system are increasingly recognized. There has been no systematic analy...
It is still controversial for neonates or children to choose normal saline or heparin solution in the care of peripheral intravenous catheters. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of heparin versu...
We aimed to elucidate the underlying disease in a Hungarian family, with only one affected family member, a 16-year-old male Hungarian patient, who developed global developmental delay, cognitive impairment, b...
Therapeutic hypothermia for infants with moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is well established as standard of care in high-income countries. Trials from low- and middle-income countries have s...
Atypical presentations are commonly encountered in the Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) but having a high index of suspicion is crucial to prevent or treat severe and life-threatening conditions. This case...
High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is an endogenous danger signal that mediates activation of the innate immune response including NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and proinflammato...
To outline the clinical signs, diagnosis, and course of care for a single case of neonatal hyperthyroidism while also summarizing common diagnostic errors related to this condition.
Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) is an important tool for assessing lung function, which can be affected by environmental and physical factors such as altitude, nutrition, genetics, age, height, and weight. Co...
While triple anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has improved HIV-infected children surviving into adolescence and adulthood, these children remain vulnerable to HIV-related psychological disturbance due to both the...
Unhealthy food consumption that begins early in life is associated with a higher risk of nutrient inadequacy and related chronic diseases later in life. Healthy eating and consumption of important nutrients he...
Clonidine stimulation test has been widely used in the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in children with short stature with a high level of reliability. However, it may cause hypotension, which usually a...
Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children under five globally, particularly in regions like South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Bangladesh has made...
Generating rigorous evidence to inform care for rare diseases requires reliable, sustainable, and longitudinal measurement of priority outcomes. Having developed a core outcome set for pediatric medium-chain a...
To understand community perspectives on the effects of high ambient temperature on the health and wellbeing of neonates, and impacts on post-partum women and infant care in Kilifi.
Premature neonates need adequate nutritional support to provide sufficient essential nutrients for optimal growth. Calcium (Ca) is one of the important nutrients in parental nutrition support of premature infa...
Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is an immunological disorder characterized by overactivation of macrophages and T lymphocytes. This autosomal recessive condition has been characterized into m...
Family Based Behavioral Treatments (FBBT) are reported to have a favorable impact on the short and mid-term evolution on the body mass index (BMI) of adolescents suffering from obesity. This study investigated...
Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy is beneficial for children with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) in improving short stature and metabolism, but the effect of early rhGH treatment on respiratory and ...
Following rubella virus control, the most important cause of congenital infections is human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Congenital CMV (cCMV) may happen both in primary and non-primary maternal infections. The pre...
Women are often the primary caregivers of children, and as such, their empowerment could influence the nutritional status of their children. However, the role of maternal empowerment on the nutritional status ...
Traditional feeding practices are widespread in Indonesia. Therefore, using traditional feeding practices commonly used among mothers, this study examined the association between these practices and stunting a...
Pediatric myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are rare disorders with an unrevealed pathogenesis. Our aim is to explore the role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of MDS in children with different outcomes an...
The purpose of the project was to assess the health seeking behaviour and knowledge on neonatal danger signs among neonatal caregivers in Upper Denkyira East Municipality.
Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and Bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) are used in medical devices, such as intravenous sets, syringes, and catheters. Several studies have reported that these compounds ...
Nutrition plays a crucial role for the bio-psycho-social growth and development of children. Mother-child pairs’ eating-feeding problems can be hypothesized to relate to the child’s nutritional status and livi...
A low incidence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) in children in the North Denmark Region (NDR) were measured in 2007–2017. Few of the children diagnosed before 2017 were treated to remission suggesting a lack...
Diarrhea is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality for under-five children which cause about 525,000 deaths annually. Even though diarrheal diseases have decreased substantially at the global leve...
The Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery (ERACS) programs are comprehensive multidisciplinary interventions to improve patients’ recovery. The application of the ERAS principle in pediatric patients has not...
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a group of single-gene hereditary diseases of peripheral nerve with high clinical variability and genetic heterogeneity. The typical clinical manifestations include progres...
Allergic rhinitis is the most common allergic disease. It can accompany psychological disorders such as tic disorders due to the prolonged course of the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. This pioneer case-control...
The experience of benefit-finding and growth (BFG), defined as perceiving positive life changes resulting from adversity, is increasingly studied among youths with chronic health conditions (CCs). However, emp...
Many neurodevelopmental abnormalities are connected to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which can result in inflammation and elevated cytokine levels due to immune system dysregulation. Interleukin (IL)-17 A an...
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy can cause prenatal placental perfusion with insufficient blood supply to the fetus, resulting in fetal exposure to hypoxia and leading to disturbance of neonatal hematopoiet...
The COVID-19 pandemic has globally impacted health service access, delivery and resources. There are limited data regarding the impact on the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) service delivery...
This study aimed to (1) characterise sleep disturbances and emotional/behavioural difficulties among healthy German children and adolescents aged 3 to 13 years, (2) examine the association between parent-repor...
Jamaican soil is abundant in heavy metals including mercury (Hg). Due to availability and ease of access, fish is a traditional dietary component in Jamaica and a significant source of Hg exposure. Mercury is ...
This study investigated the characteristics of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) related to autoimmunity and the frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children and adolescents from 2017–202...
For individuals with severe mental illness, involuntary assessment and/or treatment (hereafter detention) can be a necessary intervention to support recovery and may even be lifesaving. Despite this, little is...
Community-acquired bacterial meningitis (CABM) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The epidemiology of CABM is regional and highly dynamic. To clarify the diagnostic status and epidemiolo...
It is critical to identify children living with HIV and initiate lifesaving antiretroviral treatment (ART) early. The Pediatric Accelerated Case Finding Effort focused on contact elicitation and HIV testing of...
Functional retentive overflow incontinence (retentive FI) is the most common cause of fecal soiling in children. Based on the clinical experiences, the treatment of retentive FI in patients with comorbid psych...
Parenteral nutrition (PN) can be associated with several treatment-related problems (TRPs) and complications in neonatal settings. Thus, understanding the extent and type of these problems and related factors ...
This study aimed at determining the intra- and inter-rater reliability in ultrasound body composition measurements and investigating the differences between malnourished and non-malnourished infants. Sonograph...
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