Fig. 2

The workflow of the radiomics model construction. In the segmentation section, we delineated the regions of interest (ROI) for lung ultrasound in patients with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), neonatal pneumonia, meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), and transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), respectively. In the feature extraction part, we presented the results of feature extraction and the distribution proportions. In the feature selection section, we showcased the p-value distribution of the extracted features, cluster analysis, the coefficient convergence of the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression applied to the features, and the results of ten-fold cross-validation to obtain the optimal λ. In the model construction section, we displayed the features with none zero obtained after feature selection, ROC curves for the training and validation sets, and the decision curve analysis (DCA) for different models