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Table 3 Estimates of hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of persistent diarrhoea recovery

From: Treatment outcome of children with persistent Diarrhoea admitted to an Urban Hospital, Dhaka during 2012–2013

Characteristic

Children aged ≤6 month

Children aged >6 month

Unadjusted HR (95% CI)

p-value

Adjusted HRa (95% CI)

p-value

Unadjusted HR (95% CI)

p-value

Adjusted HRa (95% CI)

p-value

Age in month

0.96 (0.83, 1.11)

0.569

  

1.04 (1.01, 1.07)

0.004

1.05 (1.02, 1.09)

0.003

Child sex, Female

0.98 (0.67, 1.44)

0.911

  

1.32 (1.03, 1.68)

0.028

1.41 (1.09, 1.84)

0.009

Still breastfeeding

0.86 (0.58, 1.25)

0.425

  

0.97 (0.76, 1.25)

0.829

  

Drinking water, Supply water

0.91 (0.58, 1.42)

0.680

  

1.67 (0.84, 1.61)

0.347

  

Residence type, Slum

0.83 (0.30, 2.27)

0.718

  

0.92 (0.54, 1.58)

0.774

  

Severe underweight

0.80 (0.55, 1.17)

0.245

  

0.86 (0.65, 1.14)

0.302

  

Severe stunting

0.46 (0.27, 0.80)

0.006

0.43 (0.22, 0.83)

0.011

1.02 (0.68, 1.52)

0.926

  

Severe wasting

0.67 (0.43, 1.03)

0.070

0.58 (0.36, 0.95)

0.030

0.70 (0.52, 0.95)

0.022

0.76 (0.54, 1.06)

0.107

Dehydration

1.07 (0.75, 1.53)

0.696

  

0.78 (0.62, 0.99)

0.043

0.95 (0.73, 1.23)

0.684

Co-morbidity condition

 None

Ref

   

Ref

 

Ref

 

 Hospital acquired infection

0.16 (0.05, 0.48)

0.001

0.20 (0.07, 0.58)

0.003

0.40 (0.25, 0.66)

<0.001

0.43 (0.27, 0.67)

0.001

 Pneumonia

0.46 (0.23, 0.94)

0.034

0.63 (0.28, 1.40)

0.256

0.66 (0.45, 0.96)

0.032

0.73 (0.49, 1.08)

0.115

 URTI

1.44 (0.78, 2.67)

0.250

2.30 (1.17, 4.53)

0.016

1.25 (0.74, 2.11)

0.396

1.64 (0.95, 2.84)

0.077

 UTI

0.69 (0.34, 1.43)

0.324

1.15 (0.54, 2.49)

0.714

0.95 (0.61, 1.48)

0.818

1.14 (0.70, 1.87)

0.597

 Othersb

0.90 (0.32, 2.52)

0.842

1.91 (0.62, 5.90)

0.262

0.73 (0.36, 1.51)

0.402

0.80 (0.38, 1.70)

0.563

WBC status, Abnormal

1.26 (0.79, 2.00)

0.335

  

1.08 (0.76, 1.53)

0.668

  

Neutrophil statusc

 Low (<40%)

1.79 (1.22, 2.61)

0.003

1.56 (0.88, 2.75)

0.125

1.48 (1.16, 1.89)

0.001

1.30 (0.88, 1.93)

0.191

 High (>70%)

2.28 (0.31, 16.74)

0.417

6.20 (0.32, 120.21)

0.228

0.69 (0.32, 1.49)

0.349

1.58 (0.42, 5.95)

0.496

Lymphocyte statusc

 Low (<20%)

1.52 (0.36, 6.40)

0.568

0.46 (0.06, 3.63)

0.458

0.65 (0.35, 1.22)

0.180

0.57 (0.19, 1.67)

0.302

 High (>45%)

1.45 (0.96, 2.19)

0.077

1.00 (0.54, 1.87)

0.993

1.35 (1.04, 1.74)

0.022

1.19 (0.79, 1.78)

0.411

Invasive diarrhoea

1.07 (0.52, 2.21)

0.853

  

1.11 (0.69, 1.80)

0.659

  

Urine pus cells, Abnormal

0.81 (0.46, 1.41)

0.450

  

0.81 (0.58, 1.14)

0.222

  

Urine protein, Abnormal

0.79 (0.55, 1.12)

0.187

0.89 (0.60, 1.31)

0.560

0.79 (0.63, 1.00)

0.054

1.18 (0.90, 1.53)

0.228

Any pathogen detected

0.96 (0.53, 1.74)

0.883

  

0.75 (0.51, 1.09)

0.134

  

Antibiotic used

0.81 (0.53, 1.25)

0.345

  

0.39 (0.29, 0.53)

<0.001

0.40 (0.28, 0.56)

<0.001

  1. aOnly variables associated with persistent diarrhoea recovery rate at the level of p < 0.2 in bivariate analyses were included in adjusted model
  2. bOthers means Abscess/ Amoebiasis/ Septicaemia/ Tuberculosis/ Typhoid
  3. cBain BJ. The peripheral blood smear. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 160.
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BMC Pediatrics

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