Instrument | Study | Construct | Target population | # WMS items/# total items | Duration | Outcome | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Version | Disease characteristics | Age | Parameters (Scale) | |||||
WPT | Askari (2013) [47] | Manual wheelchair propulsion | Manual wheelchair user | ≥17 years | 1/1 | ≤ 50 s | Propulsion method | |
TOWM & Wheelie test | Manual wheelchair mobility | SCI | 18–65 years | 36/38 | 40 min | Ability (0–1), Quality (0–5), Time (s), Anxiety (0–10) | ||
WC | Manual wheelchair mobility | SCI | 18–65 years | 5/8 | na | Ability (0–1), Performance time (s), Physical strain (max HR) | ||
AM WC | Cowan (2011) [32] | Manual wheelchair mobility | SCI | > 18 years | 12/14 | na | Ability (0–1), Performance time (s) | |
WAIMS | Vereecken (2012) [33] | Manual wheelchair driving | MS | na | 7/8 | 20–30 min | Ability (0–2), Performance time (s), Covered distance (m) | |
Slalom test | Gagnon (2011) [48] | Manual wheelchair propulsion | SCI | ≥ 18 years | 1/1 | 17 min | Time (s) | |
WST | 1.0 | Kirby (2002) [34] | Manual wheelchair user function in daily life | Manual wheelchair user | ≥ 18 years | 14/33 | 29 min | Safety completion (0–2), |
2.4 | Kirby (2004) [20] | Manual wheelchair user function | Manual wheelchair user | ≥ 17 years | 30/50 | 27 min | Ability (pass/fail/NA), GAS | |
4.1 | Lindquist (2010) [35] | Manual wheelchair user function | Manual wheelchair user | > 16 years | 24/30 | 31 min | Ability (pass/fail). Safety (safe/unsafe) | |
HMAT | Harvey (1998) [39] | Manual wheelchair mobility | SCI | na | 3/6 | < 15 min | Level of assistance (1–6) | |
FIM + 5AML | Middleton (2006) [42] | Manual wheelchair user functional independence | SCI | 18–65 years | 3/5 | na | Level of assistance (1–7) | |
OCAWUP | Wheelchair mobility | Manual and power wheelchair user | 18–65 years | 10/10 | 60–90 min | Time (s), Degree of ease (0–3) | ||
TMT | Chafetz (2004) [43] | Manual wheelchair user function | SCI | 8–14 years | 2/6 | 60–90 min | Time (s) | |
WUFA | Stanley (2003) [44] | Manual wheelchair user function | Manual wheelchair user | na | 6/13 | 60–90 min | Level of independence (1–7) | |
WC-PFP | Cress (2002) [45] | Manual wheelchair user function | Manual wheelchair user | 18–67 years | 1/11 | 40 min | Speed (1/time) | |
VFM | Taricco (2000) [46] | Manual wheelchair user function | SCI | All age groups | 9/65 | 30–50 min | Level of independence (1–5) | |
TOMP | Gans (1988) [49] | Physical function and motor performance | All disabilities | > 6 years | 2/32 | < 60 min | Assistance (0–4), Approach (0–1), Pattern (0–1), Proficiency (0–2) | |
TM | Jebsen (1970) [50] | Mobility | Locomotor disorders | > 20 years | 2/31 | 60 min | Time (s) |