Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements containing different amounts of zinc along with diarrhea and malaria treatment increase iron and vitamin A status and reduce anemia prevalence, but do not affect zinc status in young Burkinabe children: a cluster-randomized trial

Table 1 Child, maternal and household characteristics of study participants assessed for biochemical status, by study group

	LNS-Zn0	LNS-Zn5	LNS-Zn10	LNS-TabZn	NIC	p-value for the difference among 5 groups^a,b
N (children with 9 and 18 mo values)	84	75	79	73	93
N boys (%)	38 (45.2)	41 (54.7)	31 (39.2)	38 (52.0)	40 (49.5)	1.000
Baseline child LAZ	−1.29 ± 1.00	−1.25 ± 1.04	−1.14 ± 1.08	−1.11 ± 1.10	−1.14 ± 1.08	0.783
Baseline child WLZ	−1.03 ± 1.20	−0.92 ± 1.04	−1.13 ± 0.91	−0.86 ± 1.05	−1.05 ± 1.11	0.506
N Baseline iron supplementation (%)^c	20 (23.8)	21 (28.0)	21 (26.6)	23 (31.5)	29 (31.2)	0.828
N Baseline RDT positive (%)	62 (73.8)	49 (65.3)	54 (68.3)	47 (64.4)	58 (62.4)	0.479
Maternal body mass index (kg/m²)	20.5 ± 1.7	20.8 ± 2.3	21.1 ± 2.6	21.0 ± 2.3	20.4 ± 2.3	0.164
Maternal education						0.383
No formal or informal education	53 (63.1)	47 (62.7)	51 (64.6)	43 (58.9)	68 (73.1)
Any informal education and/or less than one year of formal education	24 (28.6)	21 (28.0)	19 (24.0)	18 (24.7)	17 (18.3)
At least one year of formal education	7 (8.3)	7 (9.3)	9 (11.14)	12 (16.4)	8 (8.6)
Baseline child feeding practices
Child still breastfed (%)	84 (100)	75 (100)	79 (100)	73 (100)	93 (100)	1.000
Animal source food^d	21 (25.0)	18 (24.0)	15 (19.0)	22 (30.1)	22 (23.7)	0.621
Child morbidity during the intervention^e
Child malaria incidence (episodes per 100 child days at risk)	0.60 ± 0.48	0.62 ± 0.53	0.58 ± 0.48	0.64 ± 0.54	–	0.339
Child fever incidence (episodes/100 child-days at risk)	1.28 ± 0.84	1.34 ± 0.94	1.51 ± .1.19	1.39 ± 0.95	–	0.683
Child diarrhea incidence (episodes per 100 child days at risk)	1.02 ± 0.90	0.82 ± 0.66	0.92 ± 0.80	0.92 ± 0.92	–	0.469

LAZ length for age z-score, WLZ weight for length z-score
^aValues presented are means ± SD, n (%)
^b P-values are from mixed model for continuous variables, logistic regression for binary variables and Chi square for polychotomous variables. All analyses were adjusted for the random effect of village, and in morbidity outcomes, were controlled for over-dispersion
^cChildren with Hb <80 g/L received ferrous sulfate, 2–6 mg iron/kg body weight/d for 30 days, depending on the anemia severity and 200 mg mebendazole/d for three days to treat possible helminthic infections
^dChild consumed at least one animal-source food during the previous 24 h
^eMorbidity outcomes include children in the IC who provided data on ≥30 days

ISSN: 1471-2431