Table 3 Associations of Dietary Patterns with Maternal and Child Characteristics

Prudent Pattern

(n = 85)

Western Pattern (n = 105)

n (column%)

n (column%)

P-value^a

P-value^b

Group

Placebo

41 (48%)

50 (48%)

0.94

0.46

DHA

44 (52%)

55 (52%)

Race/Ethnicity

White

71 (84%)

48 (46%)

<0.0001

0.24

Black

9 (11%)

47 (45%)

Hispanic

5 (6%)

7 (7%)

Other

0 (0%)

3 (3%)

Maternal Smoking

Never

48 (56%)

55 (52%)

0.57

0.38

Ever

37 (44%)

50 (48%)

Breast Feeding

None

6 (7%)

32 (31%)

<0.0001

0.01

Some

79 (93%)

72 (69%)

Offspring Sex

Female

47 (55%)

48 (46%)

0.19

0.089

Male

38 (45%)

57 (54%)

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Maternal age

27.7 ± 4.1

24.8 ± 4.9

<0.0001

0.18

Maternal education (yr)

16.0 ± 2.3

13.5 ± 2.1

<0.0001

0.068

Zip code income ($1 k)

57 ± 22

41 ± 15

<0.0001

0.85

Maternal height (cm)

165.2 ± 6.5

162.1 ± 6.5

0.0024

0.028

Maternal weight (kg)

70.1 ± 12.2

74.8 ± 14.3

0.015

0.28

BMI at enrollment

25.7 ± 4.3

28.5 ± 5.5

0.0002

0.038

Gestational weight gain (kg)

13.7 ± 5.7

12.1 ± 6.0

0.12

0.51

Birthweight (g)

3386 ± 550

3318 ± 464

0.15

0.94

Formula feeding duration (days)

225 ± 171

308 ± 137

<0.0001

0.13

Breast feeding duration (days)

286 ± 251

136 ± 216

<0.0001

0.0021

RBC DHA at enrollment (%)

4.61 ± 1.24

4.14 ± 1.12

0.0043

0.076

RBC DHA at delivery (%)

6.44 ± 2.46

5.92 ± 2.01

0.22

0.37

RBC DHA Change (%)

1.80 ± 2.35

1.79 ± 2.26

0.91

0.076

Adherence (% of capsules consumed)

81.4 ± 21.5

81.4 ± 17.1

0.41

0.0041

SES Factor

2.58 ± 0.84

1.53 ± 0.87

<0.0001

-------