Table 2 Summary of baseline characteristics
Study | N (ITT) | Treatment | Age, mean (SD) | Male, n (%) | Caucasian, n (%) | Baseline prolactin, both sexes, (ng/mL), mean (SD) | Baseline prolactin, males, (ng/mL), mean (SD) | Baseline prolactin, females, (ng/mL), mean (SD) | Previous antipsychotic use, n (%) | Proportion diagnosed as paranoid schizophrenia, n (%) | Baseline PANSS score, mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Randomized controlled trials | |||||||||||
Findling et al. 2012 [21] | 73 | Quetiapine 400Â mg/day | 15.5 (1.3) | 43 (58.9) | 45 (61.6) | 20.8 (17.0) | NR | NR | NR | NR | 96.2 (17.7) |
74 | Quetiapine 800Â mg/day | 15.5 (1.3) | 44 (59.5) | 44 (59.5) | 18.1 (20.1) | NR | NR | NR | NR | 97.0 (15.3) | |
73 | Placebo | 15.3 (1.4) | 42 (57.5) | 46 (63.0) | 28.7 (29.1) | NR | NR | NR | NR | 96.7 (18.0) | |
Findling et al. 2008 [22] | 100 | Aripiprazole 10Â mg/day | 15.6 (1.3) | 45 (45.0) | 5]4 (54.0) | NR | NR | NR | 53 (53.0) | NR | 93.7 (15.7) |
102 | Aripiprazole 30Â mg/day | 15.4 (1.4) | 65 (63.7) | 62 (60.8) | NR | NR | NR | 47 (46.1) | NR | 94.9(15.5) | |
100 | Placebo | 15.4 (1.4) | 61 (61.0) | 64 (64.0) | NR | NR | NR | 46 (46.0) | NR | 95.0(15.5) | |
Haas et al. 2009a [23] | 55 | Risperidone 1–3 mg/day | 15.7 (1.3) | 30 (54.5) | 33 (60.0) | 29.6 (38.2) | 21.6 (15.2) | 39.2 (53.0) | NR | 38 (69.1) | NR |
51 | Risperidone 4–6 mg/day | 15.7 (1.3) | 37 (72.5) | 24 (47.1) | 24.1 (23.0) | 22.7 (19.9) | 27.9 (28.3) | NR | 34 (66.7) | NR | |
54 | Placebo | 15.5 (1.4) | 35 (64.8) | 27 (50.0) | 22.6 (23.3) | 21.5 (21.1) | 24.6 (25.9) | NR | 38 (70.4) | NR | |
Haas et al. 2009b [26] | 125 | Risperidone 1.5–6 mg/day | 15.6 (1.3) | 65 (52.0) | 104 (83.2) | NR | NR | NR | NR | 83 (66.4) | 96.4 (15.4) |
132 | Risperidone 0.15–0.6 mg/day | 15.6 (1.3) | 80 (60.6) | 111 (84.9) | NR | NR | NR | NR | 92 (69.7) | 93.3 (14.1) | |
Kryzhanovskaya et al. 2009 [24] | 72 | Olanzapine 2.5–20 mg/day | 16.1 (1.3) | 51 (70.8) | 52 (72.2) | 15.6 (12.3) | NR | NR | 51 (70.8) | NR | 95.3 (14.1) |
35 | Placebo | 16.3 (1.6) | 24 (68.6) | 25 (71.4) | 18.7 (16.2) | NR | NR | 30 (85.7) | NR | 95.5 (14.1) | |
Singh et al. 2011 [25] | 54 | Paliperidone 1.5Â mg/day | 15.1 (1.5) | 30 (55.6) | 35 (64.8) | 25.1 (32.8) | 14.7 (14.5) | 38.0 (45.5) | 47 (87.0) | NR | 91.6 (12.5) |
48 | Paliperidone 3–6 mg/day | 15.3 (1.6) | 31 (64.6) | 34 (70.8) | 26.6 (43.2) | 16.1 (1.8) | 45.67 (71.0) | 44 (91.7) | NR | 90.6 (14.0) | |
47 | Paliperidone 6–12 mg/day | 15.5 (1.6) | 33 (70.2) | 32 (68.1) | 20.8 (22.3) | 18.2 (13.7) | 26.88 (33.9) | 40 (85.1) | NR | 91.5 (13.9) | |
51 | Placebo | 15.7 (1.4) | 23 (45.1) | 35 (68.6) | 24.5 (30.5) | 13.6 (13.6) | 33.43 (38.5) | 48 (94.1) | NR | 90.6 (12.1) | |
Observational studies | |||||||||||
Duval et al. 2008 [27] | 16 | Risperidone 1–6 mg/day | 15.7 (1.3) | 10 (62.5) | 16 (100.0) | 16 (9) | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Kumra et al. 2008 [28] | 14 | Clozapine 25–900 mg/day | 15.3 (2.3) | 5 (35.7) | 1 (7.1) | NR | NR | NR | 14 (100.0) | NR | NR |
19 | Olanzapine 30Â mg/day | 15.6 (1.7) | 11 (57.9) | 5 (26.3) | NR | NR | NR | 19 (100.0) | NR | NR | |
Pandina et al. 2012 [29] | 48 | Risperidone 2–6 mg/day (treatment-naïve) | 15.4 (1.4) | 30 (62.5) | 25 (52.1) | 17.0 (20.4) | 18.6 (24.7) | 14.3 (6.7) | NR | 33 (68.8) | 84.7 (16.8) |
292 | Risperidone 2–6 mg/day (treatment-experienced) | 15.5 (1.7) | 178 (61.0) | 218 (74.7) | 53.4 (33.9) | 40.4 (26.3) | 73.6 (43.0) | 292 (100.0) | 195 (66.8) | 72.1 (19.4) | |
50 | Risperidone 2–6 mg/day (open-label) | 15.5 (1.4) | 30 (60.0) | 42 (84.0) | 73.6 (44.9) | 55.8 (25.3) | 100.3 (62.3) | NR | 35 (70.0) | 83.9 (13.5) | |
Ruan et al. 2010 [30] | 31 | Risperidone 25–50 mg biweekly | 15.9 (3.3) | 13 (41.9) | NR | 54.8 (17.7) | NR | NR | NR | 24 (77.4) | 57.8 (1.8) |
Schimmelmann et al. 2007 [31] | 56 | Quetiapine 200–800 mg/day | 15.9 (1.3) | 38 (67.9) | 47 (83.9) | 15.9 (23.3) | 12.6 (6.3) | 22.9 (41.4) | 13 (23.2) | NR | 91.5 (17.2) |