From: Anemia, diet and therapeutic iron among children living with HIV: a prospective cohort study
Parameters | Anemic children | Non-anemic children | Bivariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | n = 113 | n = 128 | OR (95 % CI) | p | OR (95 % CI) | p |
Younger age (<6Â years) | 28 (24.8) | 23 (18.1) | 1.5 (0.8-2.8) | 0.209 | - | - |
Underweight (Weight-for age Z score < − 2) | 57 (50.4) | 51 (42.2) | 1.5 (0.9-2.5) | 0.111 | - | - |
Stunted (Height-for age Z score < − 2) | 53 (46.9) | 42 (33.1) | 1.8 (1.1-3.0) | 0.029* | 1.9 (1.1-3.4) | 0.034* |
Not on antiretroviral therapy | 81 (71.7) | 55 (43.3) | 3.3 (1.9-5.7) | <0.001* | 1.4 (0.7-3.0) | 0.359 |
Low CD4% (<25Â %) | 75 (66.4) | 41 (32.3) | 4.1 (2.4-7.1) | <0.001* | 3.2 (1.8-5.7) | <0.001* |
Viral load ≥ 400 (copies/ml) | 92 (82.4) | 67 (52.8) | 3.9 (2.2-7.1) | <0.001* | 2.4 (1.1-5.4) | 0.035* |
Intestinal helminth infestation | 15 (13.2Â %) | 13 (10.2) | 1.1 (0.6-3.1) | 0.601 | - | - |
Inflammation (ultrasensitive CRP > 1.0) mg/dl) | 66 (58.4) | 69 (54.8) | 1.2 (0.7-2.0) | 0.570 | - | - |
Iron deficiency (soluble transferrin receptor-log ferritin index (sTfR/lf) ≥1.5) | 74 (65.5) | 80 (62.9) | 1.1 (0.7-1.9) | 0.688 | - | - |
B12 deficiency (serum B12 ≤ 210 pg/mL) | 11 (9.8) | 4 (3.2) | 3.3 (1.0-10.6) | 0.047 | - | - |
Vit A deficiency (retinol binding protein (RBP) <0.7 μmoles/L) | 30 (26.6) | 13 (10.2) | 3.2 (1.6-6.0) | 0.001* | 2.5 (1.1-5.6) | 0.022* |