The effect of intrapartum antibiotics on early-onset neonatal sepsis in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a propensity score matched analysis

Chan, Grace J; Stuart, Elizabeth A; Zaman, Marzia; Mahmud, Abdullah A; Baqui, Abdullah H; Black, Robert E

doi:10.1186/1471-2431-14-104

Table 1 Covariates by treatment (intrapartum antibiotics) and outcome (neonatal sepsis)

From: The effect of intrapartum antibiotics on early-onset neonatal sepsis in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a propensity score matched analysis

	Treatment - intrapartum antibiotics					Outcome - sepsis
	# no abx (n)	%	# with abx (n)	%	p-value	# no sepsis (n)	%	# with sepsis (n)	%	p-value
Total	552		48			523		77
Preterm	62	11.23	4	8.33		53	10.13	13	16.88
No preterm	398	72.1	38	79.17	0.468	386	73.8	50	64.94	0.060
Missing	92	16.67	6	12.5	0.574	84	16.06	14	18.18	0.158
Low birth weight <2500 grams	92	16.67	7	14.58		85	16.25	14	18.18
Not low birth weight	419	75.91	38	79.17	0.681	398	76.1	59	76.62	0.742
Missing	41	7.43	3	6.25	0.878	40	7.65	4	5.19	0.703
No tetanus toxoid	58	10.51	4	8.33		52	9.94	10	12.99
Received tetanus toxoid	493	89.31	43	89.58	0.663	467	89.67	67	87.01	0.419
Missing	1	0.18	1	2.08	0.082	2	0.38	0	0	0.622
Antenatal care from a provider other than doctor	409	74.09	25	52.08		376	71.89	58	75.32
Antenatal care from doctor	123	22.28	21	43.75	0.001	127	24.28	17	22.08	0.630
Missing	20	3.62	2	4.17	0.003	20	3.82	2	2.6	0.771
Mom no schooling	114	20.65	6	12.5		100	19.12	20	25.97
Mom schooling	438	79.35	41	85.42	0.195	422	80.96	57	74.03	0.163
Missing	0	0	1	2.08	0.001	1	0.19	0	74.03	0.351
Maternal age < =22	272	49.28	22	45.83		253	48.37	41	53.25
Maternal age >22	280	50.72	26	54.17	0.647	270	51.63	36	46.75	0.425
Roof tin, straw, leaf, bamboo	431	78.08	32	66.67		399	76.29	64	83.12
Roof concrete, brick, cement	121	21.92	16	33.33	0.071	124	23.71	13	16.88	0.183
Wall tin, straw, leaf, bamboo, mud	216	39.13	14	29.17		199	38.05	31	40.26
Wall concrete, brick, cement	336	60.87	34	70.83	0.173	324	61.95	46	59.74	0.710
Floor semi concrete, wood, straw, leaf, bamboo, mud	117	21.2	7	14.58		110	21.03	14	18.18
Floor concrete	435	78.8	41	85.42	0.278	413	78.97	63	81.82	0.564
Household number >3	281	50.91	19	39.58		255	48.76	45	58.44
Household number < =3	271	49.09	28	58.33	0.168	267	51.05	32	41.56	0.116
Missing	0	0	1	2.08	0.001	1	0.19	0	0	0.270
Number of children under 5 > 0	131	23.73	13	27.08		122	23.33	22	28.57
Number of children under 5 = 0	421	76.27	34	70.83	0.545	400	76.48	55	71.43	0.319
Missing	0	0	1	2.08	0.003	1	0.19	0	0	0.565
Household latrine slab or hanging	210	38.04	13	27.08		192	36.71	31	40.26
Household latrine sanitary	342	61.96	34	70.83	0.157	330	63.1	46	59.74	0.556
Missing	0	0	1	2.08	0.001	1	0.19	0	0	0.781
Household drinking water source tube	249	45.11	15	31.25		223	42.64	41	53.25
Household drinking water source tap	303	54.89	32	66.67	0.080	299	57.17	36	46.75	0.082
Missing	0	0	1	2.08	0.001	1	0.19	0	0	0.205
Wealth (upper quintile of wealth)*	118	21.38	16	33.33		121	23.14	13	16.88
Wealth (lower four quintiles)	434	78.62	31	64.58	0.045	401	76.67	64	83.12	0.431
Missing	0	0	1	2.08	<0.001	1	0.19	0	0	0.216
Active labor	239	43.3	15	31.25		216	41.3	38	49.35
Early labor	274	49.64	29	60.42	0.110	269	51.43	34	44.16	0.190
Missing	39	7.07	4	8.33	0.269	38	7.27	5	6.49	0.409
Time in labor > =8 hours	277	50.18	22	45.83		257	49.14	42	54.55
Time in labor < 8 hours	263	47.64	26	54.17	0.468	254	48.57	35	45.45	0.487
Missing	12	2.17	0	0	0.449	12	2.29	0	0	0.317
Rupture of membranes at presentation	215	38.95	29	60.42		216	41.3	28	36.36
No rupture of membranes at presentation	326	59.06	19	39.57	0.005	296	56.6	49	63.64	0.333
Missing	11	1.99	0	0	0.012	11	2.1	0	0	0.273
Premature rupture of membranes	50	9.06	6	12.5		47	8.99	9	11.69
No premature rupture of membranes	491	88.95	42	87.5	0.461	465	88.91	68	88.31	0.484
Missing	11	1.99	0	0	0.466	11	2.1	0	0	0.342
Amniotic Fluid green or cloudy	97	17.57	6	12.5		91	17.4	12	15.58
Amniotic Fluid clear	432	78.26	40	83.33	0.369	409	78.2	63	81.82	0.643
Missing	23	4.17	2	4.17	0.668	23	4.4	2	2.6	0.683
Maternal temperature > =99	27	4.89	1	2.08		24	4.59	4	5.19
Maternal temperature <99	492	89.13	47	97.92	0.340	470	89.87	69	89.61	0.819
Missing	33	5.98	0	0	0.136	29	5.54	4	5.19	0.966
Number of vaginal exams performed > =3	263	47.64	27	56.25		251	47.99	39	50.65
Number of vaginal exams < 3	276	50	20	41.67	0.255	529	49.52	37	48.05	0.733
Missing	13	2.36	1	2.08	0.519	13	2.49	1	1.3	0.766
No hand washing before vaginal exam	134	24.28	15	31.25		130	24.86	19	24.68
Hand washing before exam	395	71.56	32	66.67	0.323	370	70.75	57	74.03	0.853
Missing	23	4.17	1	2.08	0.474	23	4.4	1	1.3	0.424
No hand washing before delivery	34	6.16	2	4.17		31	5.93	5	6.49
Hand washing before delivery	497	90.04	44	91.67	0.580	470	89.87	71	92.21	0.895
Missing	21	3.8	2	4.17	0.852	22	4.21	1	1.3	0.459
Colonization	202	36.59	17	35.42		184	35.18	35	45.45
No colonization	337	61.05	29	60.42	0.944	326	62.33	40	51.95	0.080
Missing	13	2.36	2	4.17	0.741	13	2.49	2	2.6	0.209
Antibiotics*						45	8.6	3	3.9
No antibiotics						478	91.4	74	96.1	0.155

*Not used to calculate propensity score.

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