Table 2 Secondary maternal and neonatal outcomes in the trial groups (mean or frequency and 95% CI)

N

96

89

Maternal

First trimester

  Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

119.1 (116.9 to 121.2)

116.5 (114.3 to 118.7)

0.10 ^a

4, 5

  Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

73.9 (72.4 to 75.4)

72.1 (70.0 to 74.1)

0.14 ^a

4, 5

Second trimester

  Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

116.8 (114.7 to 119.0)

117.7 (115.4 to 119.9)

0.59 ^a

2, 6

  Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

71.7 (70.1 to 73.3)

70.5 (68.5 to 72.5)

0.33 ^a

2, 6

  Physical exercise (h/week)*

4.2 (3.6 to 4.7)

4.5 (3.6 to 5.4)

0.62 ^b

2, 5

OGTT (Gestational weeks 26–28)

  Fasting-0 h (mmol/l)

4.8 (4.7 to 4.8)

4.9 (4.8 to 5.0)

0.12 ^b

-

  1 h (mmol/l)

8.7 (8.4 to 9.0)

9.0 (8.7 to 9.4)

0.21 ^a

-

  2 h (mmol/l)

6.8 (6.6 to 7.1)

6.9 (6.6 to 7.1)

0.77 ^a

-

  Pathological OGTT result (cP)

14.6% (8.9% to 23.0%)

29.2% (20.8% to 39.4%)

0.016^c

Third trimester

  Systolic blood pressure (mmHG)

122.4 (120.1 to 124.6)

122.5 (120.0 to 125.0)

0.79^b

3, 4

  Diastolic blood pressure (mmHG)

77.8 (76.1 to 79.5)

75.2 (73.2 to 77.3)

0.052^a

3, 4

  Physical exercise (h/week)*

3.4 (3.0 to 3.8)

3.2 (2.5 to 3.9)

0.11^b

4, 4

  Gestational weight gain until 37 gw (kg)

11.4 (10.4 to 12.5)

12.7 (11.5 to 14.0)

0.11^a

2, 0

  Min – Max

−4.9 to 27.2

−1.0 to 34.7

Neonatal

Non-complicated vaginal delivery

77.1% (67.7% to 84.4%)

75.3% (65.4% to 83.1%)

0.77^c

-

Gestational age at birth

39.8 (39.4 to 40.1)

39.4 (39.2 to 39.7)

0.084^b

-

Sex of the newborn (boy)

51.0% (41.2% to 60.8%)

50.6% (40.4% to 60.7%)

0.95^c

-

Birth weight (grams)

3509 (3404 to 3615)

3507 (3417 to 3596)

0.97^a

-

Ponderal index (weight, kg/length, m³)

27.4 (26.9 to 27.9)

27.5 (27.0 to 27.9)

0.89^a

-

Large for gestational age

7.3% (3.6% to 14.3%)

5.6% (2.4% to 12.5%)

0.64^c

-

Small for gestational age

13.5% (8.1% to 21.8%)

6.7% (3.1% to 13.9%)

0.13^c

-

Exclusive breastfeeding (months)

3.0 (2.5 to 3.4)

2.8 (2.3 to 3.2)

0.52^b

8, 0