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Table 1 Demographic and clinical features of critically hospitalized children with SARS-COV-2 Omicron infection

From: Critically ill children with SARS-COV-2 Omicron infection at a national children medical center, Guangdong, China

Characteristics

Critical COVID-19 Omicron infection (n = 63)

Age, years at admission (median, IQR)

2 (1.0–8.0)

< 3

39 (61.9)

≥ 3

24 (38.1)

Sex

 

Male

38 (60.3)

Female

25 (39.7)

Length of PICU stay, day (median, IQR)

14 (6.5–23.0)

Vaccination*(age ≥ 3 years)

12 (19)

One dose

3 (0.25)

Two dose

9 (0.75)

Contact history with family members

 

Yes

30 (47.6)

Unclear

31 (52.4)

Signs and symptomsa

 

Fever

58 (92.1)

Fever ≥ 39 °C

45 (71.4)

Duration of fever days (median, IQR)

5 (3-8.5)

Neurological symptoms and signs b

37 (58.7)

Cough

34 (54.0)

Convulsion

30 (47.6)

Dyspnea

20 (31.7)

Diarrhea

18 (28.6)

Hepatomegaly

15 (23.8)

Splenomegaly

9 (14.3)

Rash

8 (12.7)

Hematochezia

4 (6.3)

Vomiting (coffee-like substance)

4 (6.3)

Hemoptysis

3 (4.8)

Laryngeal edema

3 (4.8)

Underlying disease

 

Epilepsy

6 (9.5)

Cerebral palsy

1 (1.6)

Nephrotic syndrome

1 (1.6)

Complications**

 

Acute respiratory failure c

35 (55.6)

Encephalopathy d

44 (69.8)

MIS-C e

38 (60.3)

Septic shock

22 (34.9)

Multiple organs failure f

11 (17.5)

Convulsion g

10 (15.9)

Pneumorrhagia

5 (7.9)

Heart failure

3 (4.8)

Renal failure

2 (3.2)

Hepatic failure

2 (3.2)

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

1 (1.6)

Severe erythema multiforme

1 (1.6)

Oxygen supplementation

 

Mechanical ventilation

52 (82.5)

Mask oxygen inhalation/nasal prong oxygen

11 (17.5)

Duration of mechanical ventilation, day (median, IQR)

7 (3.8–13.0)

Medical treatment

 

Antibiotic

51 (81.0)

Vasoactive drugs

40 (63.5)

Intravenous immunoglobulin

39 (61.9)

Corticosteroids

38 (60.3)

Medication for gastrointestinal diseases

18 (28.6)

Antiallergic drugs

5 (7.9)

Outcomes

 

Improve/discharge

47 (74.6)

Death in hospital

16 (25.4)

  1. Data are n (%) except for age, length of hospital stay and duration of fever days; IQR: interquartile range
  2. *Children without documented receipt of any COVID-19 vaccine dose before hospitalization were considered to be unvaccinated, vaccination status was confirmed from children’s parents
  3. a Multiple presenting features were possible
  4. b Neurological symptoms and signs: includes consciousness disorders, language disorders, motor disorders, etc
  5. c Acute respiratory failure: the inability of the respiratory system to maintain oxygenation or eliminate carbon dioxide
  6. ** Multiple complications were possible
  7. d Encephalopathy: a clinical state characterized by an alteration of consciousness, behaviour and/or cognition. Present with lethargy and drowsiness, or conversely with a heightened state of agitation and confusion, also can present with a range of focal neurological manifestations such as seizures, visual disturbances, speech abnormalities, motor weakness, and sensory and autonomic deficits
  8. e MIS-C: multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
  9. f Multiple organs failure: acute lung failure, acute liver failure, acute kidney injury, cardiovascular disease, and as well as a wide spectrum of hematological abnormalities and neurological disorders
  10. g Convulsions: manifest as sudden generalized or localized muscle group tonic and clonic convulsions
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BMC Pediatrics

ISSN: 1471-2431

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