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Table 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics and serum laboratory parameters between neonates in the SAKI and control groups

From: Sustained acute kidney injury as an independent risk factor for neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes in a single NICU center

 

Total

(n = 154, 100%)

SAKI group

(n = 51, 33.1%)

Control group

(n = 103, 66.9%)

P value

Gestational age (weeks)

32.6 ± 5.2

32.6 ± 5.2

32.6 ± 5.2

0.986

 Preterm birth, n (%)

109 (70.8%)

36 (70.6%)

73 (70.9%)

0.971

 Late preterm birth, n (%)

30 (27.5%)

10 (27.8%)

20 (27.4%)

0.978

Male gender, n (%)

86 (55.8%)

32 (62.7%)

54 (52.4%)

0.228

Birth body height (cm)

42.0 ± 6.9

41.6 ± 7.0

42.1 ± 6.9

0.684

Birth body weight (kg)

1.90 ± 0.93

1.88 ± 0.89

1.91 ± 0.96

0.848

Birth head circumference (cm)

29.4 ± 4.2

29.6 ± 4.1

29.3 ± 4.3

0.745

1-min APGAR score

6.2 ± 2.4

5.2 ± 2.7

6.7 ± 2.1

< 0.001

5-min APGAR score

8.1 ± 1.7

7.4 ± 2.0

8.5 ± 1.4

< 0.001

Intrauterine growth restriction, n (%)

42 (27.3%)

13 (25.5%)

29 (28.2%)

0.729

Brain insult in the perinatal period a, n (%)

26 (16.9%)

10 (19.6%)

16 (16.8%)

0.014*

IVH

22 (14.3%)

7 (13.7%)

15 (14.6%)

0.890

 Resolved IVH, n (%)

18 (11.7%)

4 (7.8%)

14 (13.6%)

0.299

 Severe IVH b, n (%)

4 (2.6%)

3 (5.9%)

1 (1.0%)

0.072

Epilepsy needing AED treatment c, n (%)

12 (7.8%)

5 (9.8%)

7 (6.8%)

0.515

Non-congenital urological anomalies d, n (%)

15 (9.7%)

10 (19.6%)

5 (4.9%)

0.003*

Needing RRT during AKI, n (%)

13 (16.9%)

13 (25.5%)

0 (0%)

< 0.001

Duration of AKI (days)

12.2 ± 18.9

16.6 ± 22.0

3.6 ± 1.2

0.004*

PMA at 40 weeks in preterm neonates

 Serum hemoglobin (g/dL)

11.5 ± 1.3

11.3 ± 1.1

11.6 ± 1.4

0.223

 Serum HCO3− (mmol/L)

23.9 ± 3.1

22.7 ± 3.4

24.5 ± 2.8

0.006*

 Total calories (kcal/kg/day)

115.3 ± 14.3

115.5 ± 18.0

115.2 ± 12.1

0.911

Before discharge from hospital in term neonates

 Serum hemoglobin (g/dL)

12.2 ± 2.1

11.4 ± 1.6

12.6 ± 2.3

0.079

 Serum HCO3− (mmol/L)

24.1 ± 2.6

24.0 ± 3.7

24.1 ± 1.9

0.927

 Total calories (kcal/kg/day)

104.9 ± 5.6

110.3 ± 15.3

102.1 ± 15.2

0.095

Number of neonates had BPD, n (%)

49 (31.8%)

12 (23.5%)

37 (35.9%)

0.122

 Moderate (grade II) BPD, n (%)

12 (7.8%)

4 (7.8%)

8 (7.8%)

0.987

 Severe (grade III) BPD, n (%)

1 (0.6%)

1 (1.9%)

0 (0%)

0.156

Hospital length of stay (days)

38.5 (19.0–84.0)

51.0 (23.5–132.0)

32.0 (14.0–67.5)

< 0.001

  1. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation or as the median (interquartile range, IQR). Statistical significance is established at a *P- value of < 0.05
  2. aPerinatal asphyxia with or without resuscitation/with or without hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
  3. bSevere IVH [23, 24]: IVH grade III and IV
  4. cHad epileptiform discharge on electroencephalography needing long-term antiepileptic drug treatment
  5. dMaldevelopment of skull bone, primary hypothyroidism, auditory dysfunction, microcolon, buttock teratoma, gastroschisis, left diaphragm eventration, cleft palate, imperforated anus, post operation related short bowel syndrome due to necrotizing enterocolitis, bacterial meningitis and neonatal stroke
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BMC Pediatrics

ISSN: 1471-2431

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