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Filiano and Kinney proposed a triple-risk model for the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) that involves the intersection of three risks: (1) a vulnerable infant, (2) a critical developmental period in homeos...
The incidence of neonatal opiate withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) in the US has grown dramatically over the past two decades. Many rural hospitals not equipped to manage these patients transfer them to hospitals in ...
As the Omicron variant of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerges, the neurological manifestations correlated with this epidemic have garnered increasing attention. This study ...
Neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit undergo frequent painful procedures. It is essential to reduce pain using safe and feasible methods.
Physiological processes rely on phosphate, which is an essential component of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Hypophosphatasia can affect nearly every organ system in the body. It is crucial to monitor newborns ...
SARS-CoV-2 infection is described as asymptomatic, mild, or moderate disease in most children. SARS-CoV-2 infection related death in children and adolescents is rare according to the current reports. COVID-19 ...
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Wilson’s disease (WD) are both systemic diseases that can affect multiple organs in the body. The coexistence of SLE and WD is rarely encountered in clinical practice, ma...
Cystic fibrosis is a chronic genetic disease that can affect the function of the respiratory system. Previous reviews of the effects of respiratory muscle training in people with cystic fibrosis are uncertain ...
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) is characterized by the enlargement and weakening of the heart and is a major cause of heart failure in children. Infection and nutritional deficiencies are culprits for DCMP. Zin...
There are no clear evidence-based recommendations concerning when patients with prenatally diagnosed choledochal cysts (CCs) should undergo surgery. This study was primarily designed to explore the proper timi...
Long-term survival after premature birth is significantly determined by development of morbidities, primarily affecting the cardio-respiratory or central nervous system. Existing studies are limited to pairwis...
Age estimation plays a critical role in personal identification, especially when determining compliance with the age of consent for adolescents. The age of consent refers to the minimum age at which an individ...
Sports practice during adolescence is important to enhance bone development, although it may provide different effects depending on the mechanical impact present in the sport. Besides, resistance training (RT)...
Button battery (BB) ingestions (BBI) are increasingly prevalent in children and constitute a significant, potentially life-threatening health hazard, and thus a pediatric emergency. Ingested BBs are usually ch...
Antibiotic use for early-onset sepsis represents a high percentage of antibiotic consumption in the neonatal setting. Measures to assess infants at risk of early-onset sepsis are needed to optimize antibiotic ...
β-Thalassemia major (BTM) is one of the most common hereditary anemias worldwide. Patients suffer from iron overload that results from repeated blood transfusion This in turn leads to multiple organ damage and...
Cholangiocarcinoma in patients with Choledochal cysts is rare in childhood; however, it seriously affects the prognosis of the disease. The key to addressing this situation lies in completely removing the extr...
Bullosa is a rare hereditary skin condition that causes blisters. Genes encoding structural proteins at or near the dermal-epidermal junction are mutated recessively or dominantly, and this is the primary caus...
Reconstitution of oral pediatric antibiotic suspension by primary caregivers plays an essential role in determining the overall health outcome of the child. Incorrect reconstitution techniques could lead to un...
Iron deficiency anemia remains a significant public health issue in developing countries. The regulation of iron metabolism is primarily controlled by hepcidin, a key regulatory protein. During erythropoiesis,...
The nurturing care framework (NCF) encompasses responsive caregiving, health, nutrition, safety and security by parents and other caregivers. It improves health, development and wellbeing of children. A hospit...
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a major complication affecting the survival rate and long-term outcomes of preterm infants. A large, prospective, multicenter cohort study was conducted to evaluate early nu...
Despite promising efforts, substantial deaths occurred during the neonatal period. According to estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO), Ethiopia is among the top 10 nations with the highest number ...
This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of Chinese children with spinal cord injury (SCI) without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) and explore their contributing factors and mechanisms of occ...
Family-based obesity management interventions targeting child, adolescent and parental lifestyle behaviour modifications have shown promising results. Further intervening on the family system may lead to great...
The rebound of influenza A (H1N1) infection in post-COVID-19 era recently attracted enormous attention due the rapidly increased number of pediatric hospitalizations and the changed characteristics compared to...
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is commonly seen in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and is potentially associated with adverse prognoses in later stages of life. Our study evaluated the impact of sustained AKI...
Zhu-Tokita-Takenouchi-Kim syndrome (ZTTK syndrome) is a severe multi-systemic developmental disorder, caused by variants in the SON gene. A patient diagnosed with ZTTK syndrome who carried a de novo SON mutation ...
Effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions during the pandemic were mainly studied for severe outcomes. Among children, most of the burden of respiratory infections is related to infections which are not medi...
Newborn screening (NBS), such as tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), may yield false positive/negative results. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has the potential to provide increased data output, efficiencies, ...
Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a serious complication of diabetes, impacting the autonomic nerves that regulate the heart and blood vessels. Timely recognition and treatment of CAN are crucial in...
Frequent repairs of pediatric flexible bronchoscopes can lead to a huge financial burden for the hospital. This study aimed to investigate the common causes of the failures in pediatric flexible bronchoscopes ...
Summarizing the clinical features of children with intussusception secondary to small bowel tumours and enhancing awareness of the disease.
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) commonly leads to heart failure (HF) and represents the most common indication for cardiac transplantation in the pediatric population. Clinical manifestations of DCM are mainly th...
Despite the rising incidence of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) globally, multicenter collaborative studies of PIBD children among developing countries remain sparse. We therefore aimed to define t...
Neonatal compartment syndrome, although rare, has a classic presentation with sentinel skin findings and development of swelling, erythema, and tenderness of the affected extremity. Neonatal compartment syndro...
Miliary tuberculosis (TB) is a lethal hematogenous spread form of mycobacterium tuberculosis with approximately 15–20% mortality rate in children. The present report highlights the clinical manifestations of a...
To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and blood biochemical indicators in early adolescence, and to provide ideas for early prevention of diseases and explore possible disease-related p...
Higher rate of acute malnutrition is observed in emergencies compared to non-emergency settings and severe acute malnutrition upsurges alarmingly and become deadly in humanitarian crises due to lack of food, l...
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) during childhood is common and includes a range of breathing abnormalities that range from primary snoring (PS) to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).Studies have shown th...
Perinatal asphyxia is failure to maintain normal breathing at birth. World Health Organization indicates that perinatal asphyxia is the third major cause of neonatal mortality in developing countries accountin...
Severe asthma in children carries an unacceptable treatment burden, yet its rarity means clinical experience in treating it is limited, even among specialists. Practical guidance is needed to support clinical ...
Childhood traumatic experiences may result in post-traumatic stress disorder. Although pediatricians are encouraged to address these traumas in clinical encounters, measures of childhood traumatic stress have ...
A Suitable environment and proper child nutrition are paramount to a child’s physical and mental development. Different environmental factors contribute to proper child development. Breast milk is an important...
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is a prevalent cause of respiratory failure and death among newborns, and prompt diagnosis is imperative. Historically, diagnosis of NRDS relied mostly on typical ...
There are emerging clinical evidence for umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCBMNCs) intervention to improve preterm complications. The first critical step in cell therapy is to obtain high-quality cells....
Urinary system anomalies, both congenital and acquired, constitute a relatively common clinical problem in children. The main role of diagnostic imaging is to determine early diagnosis and support therapeutic ...
The clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with acute poisoning were analyzed to provide a reference for preventing poisoning and seeking effective prevention and treatment.
SARS-CoV-2 posed a threat to children during the early phase of Omicron wave because many patients presented with febrile seizures. The study aimed to investigate predicting factors for acute encephalopathy of...
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a hematologic oncological emergency characterized by metabolic and electrolyte imbalances. On breakdown of tumor cells, enormous amounts of potassium, phosphate, and nucleic acids...
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