Articles

Normal sonographic liver and spleen dimensions in a central European pediatric population

Organ size is influenced by a number of factors. Age, height, weight, and ethnicity are known influencing factors. Pediatric populations have changed over time, puberty beginning earlier resulting in a changin...

Authors: Stephan Waelti, Tim Fischer, Simon Wildermuth, Sebastian Leschka, Tobias Dietrich, Sabine Guesewell, Pascal Mueller, Michael Ditchfield and Stefan Markart

Umbilical cord blood hematological parameters reference interval for newborns from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Several factors like altitude, age, sex, pregnancy, socioeconomic status, life style and race influence hematological reference interval (RIs), which are critical to support clinical decisions and to interpret...

Authors: Ammanuel Angelo, Girma Derbie, Asrat Demtse and Aster Tsegaye

Prevalence of increased transaminases and its association with sex, age, and metabolic parameters in children and adolescents with obesity – a nationwide cross-sectional cohort study

Childhood obesity increases the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease marked by elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT). This study investigated the prevalence of increased ALT in children and adolescents ...

Authors: Resthie R. Putri, Thomas Casswall and Emilia Hagman

Surgical management of patent ductus arteriosus in pre-term infants - a british paediatric surveillance study

This study aimed to provide UK data describing the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) surgery in the neonatal population, including: pre-ligation management, and outcomes until discharge. We used Brit...

Authors: A. Warnock, L. Szatkowski, A. Lakshmanan, L. Lee and W. Kelsall

Early combined rehabilitation intervention to improve the short-term prognosis of premature infants

To explore the clinical effect of early combined rehabilitation intervention on premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Authors: Yang Liu, Zheng-feng Li, Yun-huan Zhong, Zhi-hui Zhao, Wen-xin Deng, Ling-ling Chen, Bei-bei Liu, Tao-jun Du and Yong Zhang

The application of artificial intelligence methods to gene expression data for differentiation of uncomplicated and complicated appendicitis in children and adolescents - a proof of concept study –

Genome wide gene expression analysis has revealed hints for independent immunological pathways underlying the pathophysiologies of phlegmonous (PA) and gangrenous appendicitis (GA). Methods of artificial intel...

Authors: Josephine Reismann, Natalie Kiss and Marc Reismann

COVID-19 related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a case series from a tertiary care pediatric hospital in Qatar

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a severe complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children, which is increasingly being reported worldwide. Here we report the first case ...

Authors: Mohammad Rubayet Hasan, Khaled Al Zubaidi, Karim Diab, Yahia Hejazi, Sharon Bout-Tabaku, Buthaina Al-Adba, Eman Al Maslamani, Mohammad Janahi, Diane Roscoe, Andres Perez Lopez and Patrick Tang

The determinants of 5th minute low Apgar score among newborns who delivered at public hospitals in Hawassa City, South Ethiopia

Newborn morbidity and mortality are forecasted using the Apgar scores. Obstetricians worldwide have used the Apgar score for more than half a century for the assessment of immediate newborn conditions. It is a...

Authors: Alex Yeshaneh, Andargachew Kassa, Zemenu Yohannes Kassa, Daniel Adane, Yohannes Fikadu, Semahegn Tilahun Wassie, Biresaw Wassihun Alemu, Mesfin Tadese, Solomon Shitu and Haimanot Abebe

Infected simple renal cyst due to Streptococcus pneumoniae rapidly diagnosed by the melting temperature mapping method: a case report

Spontaneous infection of preexisting solitary renal cysts has been documented in adults but is extremely rare in children. To date, no cases of simple renal cysts infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae have been ...

Authors: Yoji Uejima, Hideki Niimi, Reiko Kato, Mihoko Furuichi, Satoshi Sato, Isao Kitajima, Yutaka Kawano, Tsutomu Oh-Ishi, Hiroshi Kawashima and Eisuke Suganuma

Prevalence and predictive factors of transient and permanent congenital hypothyroidism in Fars province, Iran

There is no data on the number as well as the prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in the Fars province. Hence, we designed this study to analyze the latest data and the possible predictive factors on ...

Authors: Ashkan Habib, Alireza Shojazadeh, Mohadeseh Molayemat, Asadollah Habib, Marjan Jeddi, Rita Arabsolghar, Mitra Nahas, Nazila Rahimi and Fariba Moradi Ardekani

A pilot study to evaluate the role of circulation CD4⁺ CCR6⁺ CRTh2⁺ cell in predicting risk of asthma in wheezing children

Wheezing is common in younger children and often related to viral infection. It is lack of reliable indicators for asthma prediction.

Authors: Jingyang Li, Jinhong Wu, Haipei Liu, Li Hua, Quanhua Liu, Dingzhu Fang, Yi Chen, Ruoxu Ji, Jianhua Zhang and Wenwei Zhong

Gender-role behaviour and gender identity in girls with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Girls with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are exposed to excess fetal adrenal androgens in-utero, and often born with masculinised genitalia. They are conventionally reared as females, but show...

Authors: Sumudu Nimali Seneviratne, Umesh Jayarajah, Shamaali Gunawardana, Malik Samarasinghe and Shamya de Silva

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy diagnosis and treatment: a National Survey in China

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) affects as many as 100,000 infants each year in China. Therapeutic hypothermia reduces HIE related mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities. Nation...

Authors: Zheng Wang, Peng Zhang, Wenhao Zhou, Shiwen Xia, Wei Zhou, Xiaoyu Zhou, Xiuyong Cheng, Yuan Shi, Zhenlang Lin, Dongli Song and Guoqiang Cheng

Coughing children in family practice and primary care: a systematic review of prevalence, aetiology and prognosis

For evidence-based decision making, primary care physicians need to have specific and reliable information on the pre-test probabilities of underlying diseases and a symptom’s course. We performed a systematic...

Authors: Milena Bergmann, Jörg Haasenritter, Dominik Beidatsch, Sonja Schwarm, Kaja Hörner, Stefan Bösner, Paula Grevenrath, Laura Schmidt, Annika Viniol, Norbert Donner-Banzhoff and Annette Becker

UGT1A1 mutation association with increased bilirubin levels and severity of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in ABO incompatible newborns of China

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia causing jaundice is common in East Asian population. Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase isoenzyme (UGT1A1) glucuronidates bilirubin and converts the toxic form of bilirubin...

Authors: Hui Yang, Fen Lin, Zi-kai Chen, Lin Zhang, Jia-Xin Xu, Yong-Hao Wu, Jing-Ying Gu, Yu-Bin Ma, Jian-Dong Li and Li-Ye Yang

The Great Gut Mimicker: A case report of MIS-C and appendicitis clinical presentation overlap in a teenage patient

Abdominal pain and other gastrointestinal symptoms are common presenting features of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and can overlap with infectious or inflammatory abdominal conditions, ...

Authors: Michelle Hwang, Kelsey Wilson, Lisa Wendt, Joshua Pohlman, Emily Densmore, Caitlin Kaeppler, Kyle Van Arendonk and Sarah Yale

Restrained eating in Lebanese adolescents: scale validation and correlates

Restrained eating disorder is prevalent worldwide across both ethnic and different cultural groups, and most importantly within the adolescent population. Additionally, comorbidities of restrained eating prese...

Authors: Tracy Boulos Nakhoul, Anthony Mina, Michel Soufia, Sahar Obeid and Souheil Hallit

A Chinese patient with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) carrying a TRPM3 gene mutation: a paediatric case report

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are a heterogeneous group of chronic encephalopathies characterized by epilepsy with comorbid intellectual disability that are frequently associated with de ...

Authors: Qingyun Kang, Liming Yang, Hongmei Liao, Sai Yang, Xiaojun Kuang, Zeshu Ning, Caishi Liao and Bo Chen

Prevalence and risk factors for antibiotic utilization in Chinese children

Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to public health globally. Irrational utilization of antibiotics being one of the main reasons of antibiotic resistant. Children as a special group, there's mor...

Authors: Shasha Guo, Qiang Sun, Xinyang Zhao, Liyan Shen and Xuemei Zhen

A de novo 10q11.23q22.1 deletion detected by whole genome mate-pair sequencing: a case report

Interstitial deletions of chromosome band 10q11-q22 was a genomic disorder distinguished by developmental delay, congenital cleft palate and muscular hypotonia. The phenotypes involved were heterogeneous, hing...

Authors: Dalin Fu, Weisheng Lin, Fen Lu, Senjie Du, Min Zhu, Xiaoke Zhao, Jian Tang, Chuan Chen, Xiaoli Chui, Shanmei Tang, Kai Wang, Chuanchun Yang and Bei Han

Successful rescue of a lethal Griscelli syndrome type 2 presenting with neurological involvement and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a case report

Griscelli syndrome type 2 (GS2) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in RAB27A gene. It is primarily characterized by a combination of partial albinism, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HL...

Authors: Qing Zhang, Yun-Ze Zhao, Hong-Hao Ma, Dong Wang, Nan Zhang, Zhi-Gang Li and Rui Zhang

Racial and ethnic disparities in opioid use for adolescents at US emergency departments

Racial/ethnic disparities in the use of opioids to treat pain disorders have been previously reported in the emergency department (ED). Further research is needed to better evaluate the impact race/ethnicity m...

Authors: Michael T. Phan, Daniel M. Tomaszewski, Cody Arbuckle, Sun Yang, Candice Donaldson, Michelle Fortier, Brooke Jenkins, Erik Linstead and Zeev Kain

Correction to: Study protocol and rationale of the “Cogniaction project” a cross-sectional and randomized controlled trial about physical activity, brain health, cognition, and educational achievement in schoolchildren

Authors: Patricio Solis-Urra, Jorge Olivares-Arancibia, Ernesto Suarez-Cadenas, Javier Sanchez-Martinez, Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Francisco B. Ortega, Irene Esteban-Cornejo, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Jose Castro-Piñero, Alejandro Veloz, Steren Chabert, Kabir P. Sadarangani, Juan Pablo Zavala-Crichton, Jairo H. Migueles, Jose Mora-Gonzalez, Milton Quiroz-Escobar…

Childhood obesity prevention policies in Iran: a policy analysis of agenda-setting using Kingdon’s multiple streams

Pediatric obesity is one of the most important health challenges of the twenty-first century. Primary prevention of childhood obesity, can lessen its consequences. This study aims to assess childhood obesity p...

Authors: Shahnaz Taghizadeh, Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq and Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi

Risk factors associated with scabies infestation among primary schoolchildren in a low socio-economic area in southeast of Iran

Scabies is a neglected tropical disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei that burrows under the skin. It is a major health problem in tropical areas, largely affecting children. Scabies is common and highly c...

Authors: Alireza Sanei-Dehkordi, Moussa Soleimani-Ahmadi, Mehdi Zare and Seyed Aghil Jaberhashemi

Rickets manifestations in a child with metaphyseal anadysplasia, report of a spontaneously resolving case

Rickets is not an unusual diagnosis for pediatricians even currently in developed countries. Children typically present with leg bowing, enlargement of wrists, rachitic rosary (swelling of costochondral juncti...

Authors: Patricia Diaz Escagedo, Melissa Fiscaletti, Patricia Olivier, Chloé Hudon, Valancy Miranda, Marie-Claude Miron, Philippe M. Campeau and Nathalie Alos

The education word gap emerges by 18 months: findings from an Australian prospective study

The idea of the ‘30 million word gap’ suggests families from more socioeconomically advantaged backgrounds engage in more verbal interactions with their child than disadvantaged families. Initial findings from...

Authors: Mary E. Brushe, John Lynch, Sheena Reilly, Edward Melhuish, Murthy N. Mittinty and Sally A. Brinkman

Family-based intervention to prevent childhood obesity among school-age children of low socioeconomic status: study protocol of the FIVALIN project

Childhood obesity represents a global public health crisis: the number of obese children and adolescents (aged 5–19 years) worldwide has risen tenfold in the past four decades. The vast majority of overweight ...

Authors: C. Homs, P. Berruezo, G. Según, L. Estrada, J. de Bont, J. Riera-Romaní, E. Carrillo-Álvarez, H. Schröder, R. Milà and S. F. Gómez

Influences of persistent overweight on perceptual-motor proficiency of primary school children: the North-West CHILD longitudinal study

Overweight can be a precursor of poor motor execution, negatively impacting the overall development of school-aged children on various levels. This study determined the long-term influences of overweight on pe...

Authors: Elna de Waal and Anita Elizabeth Pienaar

Low compliance contribute to insufficient Desmopressin response of primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis and the role of voiding school

To evaluate the impact of compliance on the therapeutic effects of Desmopressin, as well as the importance of establishing the voiding school for low-compliance children in primary monosymptomatic enuresis tre...

Authors: Zoran Radojicic, Sasa Milivojevic, Irena Koricanac, Jelena Milin Lazovic, Darko Laketic, Ognjen Radojicic and Natasa Milic

The clinical value of passive leg raising plus ultrasound to predict fluid responsiveness in children after cardiac surgery

There are few non-invasive monitoring methods that can reliably predict fluid responsiveness (FR) in children. Here, we interrogate the value of doppler ultrasound evaluation of passive leg raising (PLR)-induc...

Authors: Deqiang Luo, Wei Dai, Lei Lei and Xueying Cai

Spinal arteriovenous malformation in a pediatric patient with a history of congenital syphilis: a case report

Spinal arteriovenous malformations in children are extremely rare and pose great risk for intraoperative hemorrhage. Congenital syphilis sometimes presents with vascular symptoms, however, there is little publ...

Authors: Mia J. Bertoli, Kruti Parikh, David Klyde, Catherine A. Mazzola and Shridevi Pandya Shah

Reference intervals for hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume in an ethnically diverse community sample of Canadian children 2 to 36 months

To establish reference intervals for hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in an ethnically diverse community sample of Canadian children 36 months and younger.

Authors: Jemila S. Hamid, Eshetu G. Atenafu, Cornelia M. Borkhoff, Catherine S. Birken, Jonathon L. Maguire, Mary Kathryn Bohn, Khosrow Adeli, Mohamed Abdelhaleem and Patricia C. Parkin

Pediatric dentists’ perspectives of children with special health care needs in Japan: developmental disabilities, phobia, maltreatment, and multidisciplinary collaboration

The number of children diagnosed with developmental disabilities (DDs) or other chronic difficulties has risen. However, each professional’s awareness of children with developmental, emotional and behavioural ...

Authors: Ayako Ide-Okochi, Hiromi Funayama and Yoshinobu Asada

Minimum acceptable diet among children aged 6–23 months in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo: a community-based cross-sectional study

Suboptimal child nutrition remains the main factor underlying child undernutrition in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of minimum acceptable diet and associated fac...

Authors: Richard Mbusa Kambale, Gaylord Amani Ngaboyeka, Joe Bwija Kasengi, Sarah Niyitegeka, Boss Rutakaza Cinkenye, Armand Baruti, Kizito Chentwali Mutuga and Dimitri Van der Linden

A multicenter evaluation of viral bloodstream detections in children presenting to the Emergency Department with suspected systemic infection

Fever is a common symptom in children presenting to the Emergency Department (ED). We aimed to describe the epidemiology of systemic viral infections and their predictive values for excluding serious bacterial...

Authors: Christina A. Rostad, Neena Kanwar, Jumi Yi, Claudia R. Morris, Jennifer Dien Bard, Amy Leber, James Dunn, Kimberle C. Chapin, Anne J. Blaschke, Judy A. Daly, Leslie A. Hueschen, Matthew Jones, Elizabeth Ott, Jeffrey Bastar, Kevin M. Bourzac and Rangaraj Selvarangan

Neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency with no hepatic steatosis: a case report

Neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) is a common form of neonatal jaundice. Histopathological examination of the liver in patients with NICCD typically shows fatty liver, steat...

Authors: Ryosuke Miyamoto, Jun Sada, Koki Ota, Kenitiro Kaneko, Hironori Kusano, Yoshiteru Azuma and Akihisa Okumura

Awareness screening and referral patterns among pediatricians in the United States related to early clinical features of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), a leading genetic cause of death in infants, is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. While early diagnosis of SM...

Authors: Mary Curry, Rosángel Cruz, Lisa Belter, Mary Schroth, Megan Lenz and Jill Jarecki

Risk factors for metabolic bone disease among preterm infants less than 32 weeks gestation with Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) infants present an increased incidence of metabolic bone disease (MBD), but it is unknown which factors contribute to this. The aim of this study was to determine the risk fact...

Authors: Wenwen Chen, Zhenhai Zhang, Shuzhen Dai and Liping Xu

Neck circumference and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents: the moderator role of cardiorespiratory fitness

The increased incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors has become a public health issue, especially in childhood and adolescence. Thus, early identification is essential to avoid or reduce future complication...

Authors: Ana Paula Sehn, Caroline Brand, Letícia Welser, Anelise Reis Gaya, Cesar Agostinis-Sobrinho, Carlos Cristi-Montero, Elza Daniel de Mello and Cézane Priscila Reuter

The role of tobacco smoking and illicit drug use in adolescent acute alcohol intoxication

This study aims to determine the prevalence of tobacco smoking and illicit drug use among Dutch adolescents admitted to hospital for acute alcohol intoxication treatment. Furthermore, socio-demographic predict...

Authors: Loes de Veld, Inge M. Wolberink, Joris J. van Hoof and Nico van der Lely

The association between ambient air pollution and birth defects in five major ethnic groups in Liuzhou, China

Studies suggest that exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy may be associated with increased risks of birth defects (BDs), but conclusions have been inconsistent. This study describes the ethnic di...

Authors: Xiaoli Huang, Jichang Chen, Dingyuan Zeng, Zhong Lin, Carly Herbert, Lesley Cottrell, Liu Liu, Arlene Ash and Bo Wang

Interviewing children: the impact of the COVID-19 quarantine on children’s perceived psychological distress and changes in routine

The COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in governments implementing disease containment measures such as school closures, social distancing, and home quarantine.

Authors: G. Segre, R. Campi, F. Scarpellini, A. Clavenna, M. Zanetti, M. Cartabia and M. Bonati

Correction to: The effect of vitamin D and magnesium supplementation on the mental health status of attention-deficit hyperactive children: a randomized controlled trial

Authors: Mostafa Hemamy, Naseh Pahlavani, Alireza Amanollahi, Sheikh Mohammed Shriful Islam, Jenna McVicar, Gholamreza Askari and Mahsa Malekahmadi

Assessing causality by means of the Naranjo scale in a paediatric patient with life threatening respiratory failure after alemtuzumab administration: a case report

Alemtuzumab is a T cell depleting antibody agent used as induction immunosuppressant therapy in solid organ transplant recipients. In addition, it is being increasingly used to treat severe or glucocorticoid-r...

Authors: Nori J. L. Smeets, Ruud J. R. Eijk, Saskia N. de Wildt and Charlotte M. H. H. T. Bootsma-Robroeks

Children’s experiences of participating in a school-based health promotion parental support programme – a qualitative study

Children’s voices are seldom heard in process evaluations concerning health promotion programmes. A Healthy School Start Plus (HSSP) is a parental support programme, conducted in Sweden, with the aim of promot...

Authors: Mahnoush Etminan Malek, Gisela Nyberg, Liselotte Schäfer Elinder, Emma Patterson and Åsa Norman

Prevalence of acute diarrhea and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) associated factors among children under five in Woldia Town, Amhara Region, northeastern Ethiopia

Diarrhea among children under five is one of the significant public health concerns in developing countries, such as Ethiopia that is mainly attributed to inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) servic...

Authors: Weldehawariyat Getahun and Metadel Adane

Spatial distribution of under immunization among children 12–23 months old in Butajira HDSS, southern Ethiopia

Immunization is essential to prevent between 2 and 3 million deaths globally each year and it is widely accepted that it is one of the most cost-effective health interventions. Despite all its advantages, immu...

Authors: Admassu Ketsela, Seifu Hagos Gebreyesus and Wakgari Deressa

The heritability of body composition

Physical growth during childhood and adolescence is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Heritability, the proportion of phenotypic variance explained by genetic factors, has been demonstrated...

Authors: Avivit Brener, Yarden Waksman, Talya Rosenfeld, Sigal Levy, Itai Peleg, Adi Raviv, Hagar Interator and Yael Lebenthal

Short‐term outcomes in infants with mild neonatal encephalopathy: a retrospective, observational study

Neonatal encephalopathy due to acute perinatal asphyxia is a major cause of perinatal brain damage. Moderate to severe neonatal encephalopathy is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. However, th...

Authors: Yoshinori Aoki, Tatsuo Kono, Mikako Enokizono and Kaoru Okazaki