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General pediatric medicine and surgery

This section considers studies of general medicine and surgical intervention in children and adolescents.

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  1. As the pediatric population requiring health services rises globally, developing countries are struggling to cater to the growing burden of non-communicable diseases - particularly those requiring specialized ...

    Authors: Amir Humza Sohail, Muhammad Hassaan Arif Maan, Mohammed Sachal and Muhammad Soban

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:152

    Content type: Debate

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  2. Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) belongs to the heterogeneous group of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis and is caused by an accumulation and proliferation of macrophages. In the majority of cases JXG is a disor...

    Authors: Michaela Höck, Bernhard Zelger, Gisela Schweigmann, Barbara Brunner, Bettina Zelger, Gabriele Kropshofer and Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:128

    Content type: Case report

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  3. To report first clinical experience on three cases of congenital complete heart block and the use of a pacemaker system with a maximum lower rate interval of 95 beats per minute.

    Authors: Stefan Kurath-Koller, Sabrina Schweintzger, Gernot Grangl, Ante Burmas, Andreas Gamillscheg and Martin Koestenberger

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:124

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Fever is a very common adaptive immune response in acute respiratory tract disorders during infancy. Antipyretic / analgesic drugs such as paracetamol (acetaminophen) are widely used to improve the comfort of ...

    Authors: Georg Seifert, Juliette Brandes-Schramm, Andrea Zimmermann, Walter Lehmacher and Wolfgang Kamin

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:119

    Content type: Research article

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  5. The aim was to investigate the incidence of postoperative complications to surgery for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) with primary focus on enterostomy related complications.

    Authors: Jens Kristian Bælum, Lars Rasmussen, Niels Qvist and Mark Bremholm Ellebæk

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:110

    Content type: Research article

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  6. To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of premature thelarche (PT) in girls and gynecomastia (GM) in boys in Southern China.

    Authors: Jianwei Zhang, Jinliang Xu, Lifang Liu, Xiaohua Xu, Xinxian Shu, Zhifeng Yang, Lanqiu LV, Xiding Cai, Xianjiang Jin, Zaiyan Gu and Junfen Fu

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:107

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is the most common inherited metabolic disease with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. It is characterised by raised serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-d...

    Authors: Noor Shafina Mohd Nor, Alyaa Mahmood Al-Khateeb, Yung-An Chua, Noor Alicezah Mohd Kasim and Hapizah Mohd Nawawi

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:106

    Content type: Case report

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  9. The prevalence of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome is unknown. Although an uncommon condition, it is considered to be the most common autoinflammatory dis...

    Authors: C. Sparud-Lundin, S. Berg, A. Fasth, A. Karlsson and P. Wekell

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:99

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Total colonic and small bowel aganglionosis (TCSA) occurs in less than 1% of all Hirschsprung’s disease patients. Currently, the mainstay of treatment is surgery. However, in patients with TCSA, functional out...

    Authors: Fereshteh Salimi Jazi, Julia M. Chandler, Chad M. Thorson, Tiffany J. Sinclair, Florette K. Hazard, John A. Kerner, Sanjeev Dutta, James C.Y. Dunn and Stephanie D. Chao

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:93

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:172

  11. Series of biochemical and haematological changes occur during the course of dengue infection, which vary depending on the clinical disease. The patterns of change are not well documented and identifying these ...

    Authors: Grace Angeline Malarnangai Kularatnam, Eresha Jasinge, Sunethra Gunasena, Dulani Samaranayake, Manouri Prasanta Senanayake and Vithanage Pujitha Wickramasinghe

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:87

    Content type: Research article

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  12. There is no gold standard in body composition measurement in pediatric patients with obesity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate if there are any differences between two bioelectrical impedanc...

    Authors: Alexandra Kreissl, Anselm Jorda, Katharina Truschner, Gabriele Skacel and Susanne Greber-Platzer

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:84

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Cholecystoduodenostomy is a surgical procedure that bypasses the extrahepatic biliary tree and connects the gallbladder directly to the duodenum. This case describes the successful use of this procedure in a n...

    Authors: Laura K. Fawcett, John Widger, Guy M. Henry and Chee Y. Ooi

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:78

    Content type: Case report

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  15. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and biliary atresia (BA) are common causes of cholestasis in infancy. The diagnosis of BA is time sensitive due to an inverse correlation between age at intervention (hepatic p...

    Authors: Atu Agawu, Andrew Wehrman, Jennifer Pogoriler, Natalie A. Terry and Henry C. Lin

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:72

    Content type: Case report

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  16. The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Kuwait is amongst the highest in the world. Vitamin D is considered to be involved in immune modulation and its deficiency contribute to autoimmune destructi...

    Authors: Majedah A. Rasoul, Mohammad Z. Haider, Maria Al-Mahdi, Hessa Al-Kandari and Gursev S. Dhaunsi

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:71

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Primary lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract are rare, accounting for only 1 to 4% of malignancies arising in the stomach, small intestine, or colon. The stomach is the most common extranodal site of lympho...

    Authors: Yu-Tang Chang, Ming-Yii Huang, Hsiang-Hung Shih, Chun-Chieh Wu, Tzu-Ying Lu and Pei-Chin Lin

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:63

    Content type: Case report

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  18. Postoperative fluid management in critically ill neonates and infants with capillary leak syndrome (CLS) and extensive volume overload after cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass is challenging. CLS is oft...

    Authors: Anne Kerling, Okan Toka, André Rüffer, Hanna Müller, Sheeraz Habash, Christel Weiss, Sven Dittrich and Julia Moosmann

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:57

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Abernethy malformation is an extremely rare congenital malformation characterised by an extrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Children with Abernathy malformation can develop hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) with pu...

    Authors: Lijian Xie, Yun Li, Xunwei Jiang, Jian Zhao and Tingting Xiao

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:55

    Content type: Case report

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  20. The literature suggests that 0.9 to 6% of infants who die unexpectedly may have had a metabolic disorder. At least 43 different inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) have been associated with sudden death (SUDI)....

    Authors: F. H. de Bitencourt, I. V. D. Schwartz and F. S. L. Vianna

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:52

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile vasculitis that primarily affects children. Previous studies have shown that both innate and adapt immune systems are involved in the immunopathogenesis of KD. The fol...

    Authors: Meng Xu, Yanfang Jiang, Jinghua Wang, Deying Liu, Shaofeng Wang, Huanfa Yi and Sirui Yang

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:43

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Finding an abdominal mass or hematuria is the initial step in diagnosing Wilms tumor. As the first manifestation of Wilms tumor, it is exceedingly rare for pulmonary tumor embolism to present with cardiac arre...

    Authors: Atsuna Fukuda, Takeshi Isoda, Naoya Sakamoto, Keisuke Nakajima and Tetsuya Ohta

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:39

    Content type: Case report

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  23. Obesity in children and adolescents is an increasing problem associated with multiple co-morbidities including metabolic and endocrine changes, cardiovascular abnormalities, and impaired quality of life. Combi...

    Authors: Y. G. M. Roebroek, G. F. Paulus, E. G. A. H. van Mil, A. C. E. Vreugdenhil, B. Winkens, C. Nederkoorn, C. D. A. Stehouwer, J. W. M. Greve, N. D. Bouvy and L. W. E. van Heurn

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:34

    Content type: Study protocol

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  24. There is no established standard chemotherapy for recurrent pediatric solid tumors such as neuroblastoma and sarcoma. Since some of these tumor cells show dysfunctions in homologous recombination repair, the g...

    Authors: Masatoshi Takagi, Chitose Ogawa, Yuki Aoki-Nogami, Tomoko Iehara, Eri Ishibashi, Minoru Imai, Tetsuro Kihara, Kiyoshi Nobori, Kazuhisa Hasebe, Shuki Mizutani, Toshimi Kimura, Masashi Nagata, Masato Yasuhara, Kenichi Yoshimura, Pariko Yorozu, Hajime Hosoi…

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:31

    Content type: Study protocol

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  25. Idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome (ISCLS) is rare, and there has been about 32 cases reported in children worldwide since this disorder was first described in 1960. Clinical guidelines on the managem...

    Authors: Karen Ka Yan Leung, Jaime Sou Rosa Duque, Kwong-Man Yu, Kai-Ning Cheong, Patrick Chun-Yin Chong, Marco Hok-Kung Ho and Pak-Cheong Chow

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:28

    Content type: Case report

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  26. In resource-poor settings, transfused children often experience recurrence of severe anemia (SA) following discharge from hospital. This study determined the factors associated with recurrent severe anemia (RS...

    Authors: Aggrey Dhabangi, Richard Idro, Chandy C. John, Walter H. Dzik, Robert Opoka, Ronald Ssenyonga and Michael Boele van Hensbroek

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:27

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Pneumatosis intestinalis and portomesenteric venous gas are usually caused by necrotizing enterocolitis; however they can occur secondary to abusive abdominal trauma with bone fractures and bruising. It is dif...

    Authors: En-Pei Lee, Jainn-Jim Lin, Shao-Hsuan Hsia, Oi-Wa Chan and Han-Ping Wu

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:21

    Content type: Case report

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  29. In Middle Europe ultrasonography is the standard method used to screen for developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants. Our aim was to determine whether manual fixation of the child is equivalent to Graf’s t...

    Authors: Peter Voitl, Christian Sebelefsky, Sara Hosner, Astrid Woditschka, Susanne Diesner and Andreas Böck

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:14

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Extravasation injuries are caused by unintended leakages of fluids or medicines from intravenous lines but there is no consensus on the best treatment approaches, particularly in infants and young children.

    Authors: Mark Corbett, David Marshall, Melissa Harden, Sam Oddie, Robert Phillips and William McGuire

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:6

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), also known as pseudotumour cerebri syndrome (PTCS), is characterized by the presence of signs and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure without evidence of any in...

    Authors: Laura Maffeis, Robertino Dilena, Sophie Guez, Francesca Menni, Cristina Bana, Silvia Osnaghi, Giorgio Carrabba and Paola Marchisio

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2019 19:4

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  32. The primary objective of this study was to report on the diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care testing (POCT) for procalcitonin (PCT) in identifying invasive bacterial infections in young infants. Invasive bact...

    Authors: Thomas Waterfield, Julie-Ann Maney, Martin Hanna, Derek Fairley and Michael D. Shields

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:387

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  33. The clinical features and laboratory parameters of patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) and systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) occasionally overlap. Therefore, serum levels of cytokine and ferritin a...

    Authors: Takanori Noto, Hiroki Seto, Junji Fukuhara, Masao Murabayashi, Akihiro Yachie, Mamoru Ayusawa and Ichiro Morioka

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:386

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  34. The transanastomotic feeding tube (TAFT) is widely used around the world in patients with esophageal atresia (EA). However, the safety of the use of TAFT is still unknown and remains to be clarified.

    Authors: Chuan Wang, Liwei Feng, Yanan Li and Yi Ji

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:385

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  35. Mediastinal teratoma is uncommon in children. It can be very difficult to diagnose especially in early stage. Rarely, teratoma may rupture into adjacent structures and lead to lung lesions or pleuritis. The ma...

    Authors: Jinrong Liu, Baolin Tian, Qi Zeng, Chenghao Chen, Chunju Zhou, Huimin Li, Yuelin Shen and Shunying Zhao

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:382

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  38. Cardiac tumors are uncommon in the pediatric population. When present, cardiac manifestations stem from the tumor causing inflow or outflow obstruction. While common in adults, cardiac myxomas presenting with ...

    Authors: Eduardo Macias, Elizabeth Nieman, Kentaro Yomogida, Orlando Petrucci, Cylen Javidan, Kevin Baszis and Shafkat Anwar

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:373

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  39. The diagnosis of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) which is defined as bleeding of unknown origin of the small bowel by routine evaluation in childhood is a challenge.

    Authors: Jiande Chen, Bin Zhang, Zhilong Yan, Huaying Zhao, Kaihua Yang, Yong Yin and Lirong Jiang

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:371

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  40. Pediatric pain is associated to patient weight and demographics in specialized settings, but pain prevalence and its associated patient attributes in general pediatric outpatient care are unknown. Our objectiv...

    Authors: Randall W. Grout, Rachel Thompson-Fleming, Aaron E. Carroll and Stephen M. Downs

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:363

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  41. Gallbladder agenesis is a rare congenital malformation. More than 50% of cases are isolated and asymptomatic. These asymptomatic patients are principally healthy and need no interventions. However, some patien...

    Authors: Yoshihiko Takano, Mirei Hoshino, Sakae Iriyama, Kyoko Takayanagi, Manabu Ishiro, Nobuhiro Kawakami and Takayuki Okamura

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:360

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  43. Although considerable progress has been made in the last 30 years in the treatment of cleft palate (CP), a multidisciplinary approach combining examinations by a paediatrician, maxillofacial surgeon, otolaryng...

    Authors: Cristina Garcia-Vaquero, Cristina Mir, Domingo Graterol, Nuria Ortiz, Maria Isabel Rochera-Villach, Matilde E. LLeonart and Juan Lorente

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:350

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. The aim of this study was to investigate the success of type 1 tympanoplasty in pediatric patients with chronic otitis media, and to evaluate the prognostic factors that may influence its success.

    Authors: Deniz Baklaci, Ismail Guler, Ihsan Kuzucu, Rauf Oguzhan Kum and Muge Ozcan

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:345

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  45. Social media is a common way for mothers to seek advice about their infants. However, little is known about how low-income urban mothers use social media to obtain infant health information and whether this in...

    Authors: Stacey Kallem, Rachel S. Gruver, Senbagam Virudachalam and Alexander G. Fiks

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:341

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  46. Respiratory distress is a common presenting complaint in children brought to the Emergency Department (ED). The Clinical Respiratory Score (CRS) has shown promise as a screen for severe illness in High Income ...

    Authors: Kanwal Nayani, Rubaba Naeem, Owais Munir, Naureen Naseer, Asher Feroze, Nick Brown and Asad I. Mian

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:339

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Children’s formulations containing ibuprofen are frequently used to treat pain and fever. These medications, available over-the-counter, have the potential to cause adverse events if usage/safety information i...

    Authors: Judy Mullan, Pippa Burns, Kathryn Weston, Shelley Crowther, Robyn Dixon and Emma Moselen

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:327

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Children experience multiple painful procedures when being cared for in emergency departments (EDs). Unfortunately, evidence-based interventions to manage such pain and distress are under-utilized across EDs. ...

    Authors: Kassi Shave, Samina Ali, Shannon D. Scott and Lisa Hartling

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:324

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Increasing attendances by children (aged 0–16 years) to United Kingdom Emergency Departments (EDs) challenges patient safety within the National Health Service (NHS) with health professionals required to make ...

    Authors: Samah Riaz, Andrew Rowland, Steve Woby, Tony Long, Joan Livesley, Sarah Cotterill, Calvin Heal and Damian Roland

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2018 18:303

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

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