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Table 2 OROS-MPH dose and consumption of OROS-MPH users with ADHD in the US and Japanese cohort, by age groups

From: Dose titration of osmotic release oral system methylphenidate in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a retrospective cohort study

 

United States

Japan

Child group (n = 98,973)

Adolescent group (n = 62,002)

Child group (n = 4595)

Adolescent group (n = 1508)

Therapy on OROS-MPH index date, n (%)

 Monotherapy

95,755 (96.7)

60,029 (96.8)

4235 (92.2)

1358 (90.1)

 Combination therapya

3218 (3.3)

1973 (3.2)

360 (7.8)

150 (9.9)

Initial daily dose, mg/day

 Median initial dose (IQR)

18 (18–36)

36 (18–45)

18 (18–18)

18 (18–18)

 18, n (%)

51,985 (52.5)

18,030 (29.1)

4223 (91.9)

1174 (77.9)

 27, n (%)

15,784 (15.9)

8577 (13.8)

79 (1.7)

84 (5.6)

 36, n (%)

18,869 (19.1)

19,227 (31.0)

84 (1.8)

86 (5.7)

 45, n (%)

1157 (1.2)

1006 (1.6)

167(3.6)

100 (6.6)

 54, n (%)

8262 (8.3)

11,918 (19.2)

7 (0.2)

7 (0.5)

  > 54, n (%)

2916 (2.9)

3244 (5.2)

35 (0.8)

57 (3.8)

Maintenance daily doseb, mg/day

 N (%)

75,201 (76.0)

41,937 (67.6)

3433 (74.7)

961 (63.7)

 Median maintenance dose (IQR)

36 (18–36)

36 (27–54)

18 (18–27)

27 (18–27)

 18, n (%)

19,193 (25.5)

5721 (13.6)

2053 (59.8)

404 (42.0)

 27, n (%)

16,138 (21.5)

6132 (14.6)

1013 (29.5)

367 (38.2)

 36, n (%)

24,397 (32.4)

17,150 (40.9)

221 (6.4)

107 (11.1)

 45, n (%)

591 (0.8)

350 (0.8)

84 (2.4)

67 (7.0)

 54, n (%)

12,646 (16.8)

11,900 (28.4)

47 (1.4)

13 (1.4)

  > 54, n (%)

2236 (3.0)

684 (1.6)

15 (0.4)

3 (0.3)

Maximum daily dose, mg/day

 Median maximum dose (IQR)

36 (27–54)

36 (36–54)

27 (18–36)

27 (18–45)

 18, n (%)

20,621 (20.8)

7522 (12.1)

2013 (43.8)

470 (31.2)

 27, n (%)

17,548 (17.7)

7209 (11.6)

1278 (27.8)

403 (26.7)

 36, n (%)

27,284 (27.6)

18,776 (30.3)

321 (7.0)

181 (12.0)

 45, n (%)

1499 (1.5)

623 (1.0)

702 (15.3)

224 (14.9)

 54, n (%)

24,319 (24.6)

20,377 (32.9)

70 (1.5)

55 (3.6)

  > 54, n (%)

7702 (7.8)

7495 (12.1)

211 (4.6)

175 (11.6)

Average daily dose, mg/day

 Median average daily dose (IQR)

30 (21–38)

36 (27–48)

20 (18–26)

24 (18–32)

  < 19, n (%)

21,152 (21.4)

7610 (12.3)

2146 (46.7)

497 (33.0)

 19–27, n (%)

25,159 (25.4)

9897 (16.0)

1712 (37.3)

524 (34.7

 28–36, n (%)

26,181 (26.5)

19,014 (30.7)

506 (11.0)

253 (16.8)

 37–45, n (%)

12,011 (12.1)

8526 (13.8)

145 (3.2)

128 (8.5)

 46–54, n (%)

10,994 (11.1)

12,965 (20.9)

47 (1.0)

58 (3.8)

  > 54, n (%)

3476 (3.5)

3990 (6.4)

39 (0.8)

48 (3.2)

Duration of the index episode, months

 Median duration (IQR)

9.6 (2.3–21.4)

6.4 (1.8–15.9)

14.7 (2.3–29.8)

9.1 (1.6–20.6)

  < 6 months, n (%)

39,638 (40.0)

30,073 (48.5)

1617 (35.2)

651 (43.2)

 6–12 month, n (%)

14,335 (14.5)

10,398 (16.8)

348 (7.6)

168 (11.1)

  > 12 months, n (%)

45,000 (45.5)

21,531 (34.7)

2630 (57.2)

689 (45.7)

Number of prescriptions within this episode, n (%)

 1

20,006 (20.2)

15,275 (24.6)

830 (18.1)

271 (18.0)

 2–3

16,182 (16.3)

14,273 (23.0)

504 (11.0)

239 (15.8)

 4–9

25,870 (26.1)

18,012 (29.1)

739 (16.1)

333 (22.1)

 10–20

22,289 (22.5)

10,208 (16.5)

1103 (24.0)

344 (22.8)

  > 20

14,626 (14.8)

4234 (6.8)

1419 (30.9)

321 (21.3)

  1. ADHD Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, OROS-MPH Osmotic release oral system methylphenidate, IQR Inter-quartile range, Child group: 6 to < 13 years; adolescent group: 13 to < 18 years
  2. acombination therapy was defined as prescribing other ADHD medication(s) along with OROS-MPH
  3. ba daily dose level that was continuously used for the longest time and for at least 60 days