Table 2 Univariate analysis of DKA
DKA (n = 430) | Non DKA (n = 253) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 0.009* | ||
0–3 years | 167 (38.8%) | 69 (27.3%) | |
4–9 years | 134 (31.1%) | 95 (37.5%) | |
10–18 years | 129 (30%) | 89 (35.2%) | |
Sex (male) | 220 (51.2%) | 137 (31.9%) | 0.45 |
Father occupation | 0.664 | ||
Industrial and agricultural workers | 201 (46.7%) | 105 (41.5%) | |
Service workers | 22 (5.1%) | 14 (5.5%) | |
Civil servants and employees of enterprises and institutions | 43 (10%) | 22 (8.7%) | |
Professional and technical staff | 10 (2.3%) | 8 (3.2%) | |
Self-employment | 72 (16.7%) | 45 (17.8%) | |
Other | 82 (19.1%) | 59 (23.3%) | |
Mother occupation | 0.717 | ||
Industrial and agricultural workers. | 181 (42.1%) | 96 (37.9%) | |
Service workers | 15 (3.5%) | 13 (5.1%) | |
Civil servants and employees of enterprises and institutions | 45 (10.5%) | 22 (8.7%) | |
Professional and technical staff | 6 (1.4%) | 4 (1.6%) | |
Self-employment | 61 (14.2%) | 40 (15.8%) | |
Other | 122 (28.4%) | 78 (30.8%) | |
Onset season | 0.167 | ||
Spring | 94 (21.9%) | 60 (23.7%) | |
Summer | 98 (22.8%) | 71 (27.4%) | |
Autumn | 118 (27.4%) | 52 (20.5%) | |
Winter | 120 (27.9%) | 70 (27.7%) | |
Family history positivity | 76 (17.7%) | 54 (21.3%) | 0.238 |
HbA1c at onset (%) | 12.11 ± 2.66 | 11.59 ± 2.80 | 0.017* |
C-peptide at onset (nmol/L) | 0.28 (0.16,0.43) | 0.42 (0.28,0.67) | < 0.001* |
Blood glucose at onset (mmol/L) | 23.43 ± 6.91 | 20.34 ± 7.21 | < 0.001* |
25OHD (ng/mL) | 17.99 ± 7.72 | 19.57 ± 8.50 | 0.013* |
ICA positivity | 18 (4.1%) | 10 (3.9%) | 0.882 |
IAA positivity | 105 (24.4%) | 59 (23.3%) | 0.746 |
GADA positivity | 220 (51.2%) | 126 (49.8%) | 0.731 |