Table 1 Univariate analysis of the PTG of children with malignancies (N = 250)
From: Posttraumatic growth in children aged 8–18 years with malignancies in China
Variable | No PTG(N = 185) | PTG (N = 65) | χ2 | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | |||
Gender | ||||||
Boys | 106 | 57.29 | 37 | 56.92 | 0.003 | 0.958 |
Girls | 79 | 42.70 | 28 | 43.07 | ||
Stage of disease | ||||||
Diagnosis period | 36 | 19.46 | 15 | 23.07 | 8.983 | 0.011* |
Treatment period | 127 | 68.64 | 33 | 50.76 | ||
Rehabilitation period | 22 | 11.89 | 17 | 26.15 | ||
Area of residence | ||||||
Rural | 118 | 63.78 | 51 | 78.46 | 4.731 | 0.030* |
Urban | 67 | 36.21 | 14 | 21.53 | ||
Caregiver | ||||||
Parent | 172 | 92.97 | 64 | 98.46 | 1.801 | 0.180 |
Not parent | 13 | 7.02 | 1 | 1.53 | ||
Educational level of the caregiver | ||||||
Primary school | 62 | 33.51 | 14 | 21.53 | 15.448 | <0.001* |
Junior and senior high school | 113 | 61.08 | 37 | 56.92 | ||
Bachelor’s degree or higher | 10 | 5.40 | 14 | 21.53 | ||
Diagnosis | ||||||
Nonsolid tumor | 102 | 55.13 | 51 | 78.46 | 11.022 | 0.001* |
Solid tumor | 83 | 44.86 | 14 | 21.53 | ||
Religiosity | ||||||
No | 174 | 94.05 | 58 | 89.23 | 1.031 | 0.310 |
Yes | 11 | 5.94 | 7 | 10.76 | ||
Family parenting style | ||||||
Doting | 60 | 32.43 | 8 | 12.30 | 9.905 | 0.007* |
Autocratic | 17 | 9.18 | 7 | 10.76 | ||
Authoritative | 108 | 58.37 | 50 | 76.92 | ||
Family type | ||||||
Stem family | 100 | 54.05 | 41 | 63.07 | 2.490 | 0.477 |
Nuclear family | 50 | 27.02 | 13 | 20.00 | ||
Reconstituted family | 8 | 4.32 | 4 | 6.15 | ||
Single-parent family | 27 | 14.59 | 7 | 10.76 | ||
Family economic status (monthly) | ||||||
< 3000 | 81 | 43.78 | 26 | 40.00 | 0.281 | 0.869 |
3000 ~ 5000 | 80 | 43.24 | 30 | 46.15 | ||
> 5000 | 24 | 12.97 | 9 | 13.84 | ||
Temperament of the child | ||||||
Extroverted | 98 | 52.97 | 44 | 67.69 | 4.247 | 0.039* |
Introverted | 87 | 47.03 | 21 | 32.31 | ||
Coping style of the child | ||||||
Positive | 73 | 39.45 | 44 | 67.69 | 15.399 | <0.001* |
Negative | 112 | 60.54 | 21 | 32.30 | ||
Level of self-efficacy | ||||||
Low | 96 | 51.89 | 9 | 13.84 | 32.666 | <0.001* |
Medium | 82 | 44.32 | 46 | 70.76 | ||
High | 7 | 3.78 | 10 | 15.38 | ||
Level of depression | ||||||
Normal | 102 | 55.13 | 54 | 83.07 | 16.429 | <0.001* |
Mild | 41 | 22.16 | 7 | 10.76 | ||
Moderate or above | 42 | 22.70 | 4 | 6.15 | ||
Level of anxiety | ||||||
Normal | 82 | 44.32 | 47 | 72.30 | 15.234 | <0.001* |
Mild | 18 | 9.72 | 4 | 6.15 | ||
Moderate or above | 85 | 45.94 | 14 | 21.53 | ||
Level of stress | ||||||
Normal | 136 | 73.51 | 57 | 87.69 | 9.621 | 0.008* |
Mild | 19 | 10.27 | 7 | 10.76 | ||
Moderate or above | 30 | 16.21 | 1 | 1.53 | ||