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Table 2 Frequency and proportion of nine categories of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the overall sample and by groups

From: Adverse childhood experiences, associated stressors and comorbidities in children and youth with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder across the justice and child protection settings in Western Australia

ACEs Categories

Overall Sample

Child Protection System Involvement

Justice System Involvement

N = 211 (%)

n = 147 (%)

n = 85 (%)

Drinking/substance misuse at home

148 (70)

117 (80)

65 (77)

Domestic Violence

109 (52)

83 (57)

58 (68)

Physical Neglect

98 (46)

86 (59)

38 (45)

Emotional Neglect

97 (46)

86 (59)

37 (44)

Physical Abuse

42 (20)

35 (24)

18 (21)

Parental Incarceration

38 (18)

31 (21)

21 (25)

Emotional/Verbal Abuse

23 (11)

18 (12)

9 (11)

Suicide attempt/mentally ill family

22 (10)

12 (8)

15 (18)

Sexual Abuse

22 (10)

18 (12)

13 (15)

Total ACEs Scores

 Zero

31 (15)

10 (7)

5 (6)

 One to three

97 (46)

66 (45)

42 (49)

 Four or more

83 (39)

71 (48)

38 (45)