Table 1 The perinatal-neonatal characteristics of neonatal respiratory failure from all hospitalized patients of regionally livebirth population
From: Outcome of neonatal hypoxemic respiratory failure: a livebirth population-based retrospective survey
NRF | Non-NRF | All hospitalized | |
|---|---|---|---|
Case numbersa | 788 (9.9) | 7172 (90.1) | 7960 (100) |
GA, weeks | 34.6 [31.3, 38.3] | 39.0 [37.3, 40.0]*** | 39.0 [37.0, 40.0] |
BW, g | 2215 [1600, 3000] | 3300 [2900, 3630]*** | 3250 [2750, 3600] |
Maternal major morbidities | |||
Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy | 113 (14.3) | 668 (9.3)*** | 781 (9.8) |
Gestational diabetes mellitus | 29 (3.7) | 221 (3.1) | 250 (3.1) |
Anemia | 156 (19.8) | 1019 (14.2)*** | 1175 (14.8) |
Premature rupture of membrane | 220 (27.9) | 1071 (14.9)*** | 1291 (16.2) |
Antenatal steroids | 302 (38.3) | 635 (8.9)*** | 937 (11.8) |
Placenta abnormality | 95 (12.1) | 252 (3.5)*** | 347 (4.4) |
Umbilical cord abnormality | 91 (11.5) | 593 (8.3)** | 684 (8.6) |
Fetal distress | 31 (3.9) | 74 (1.0)*** | 105 (1.3) |
Delivery status | |||
Cesarean delivery | 494 (62.7) | 3671 (51.2)*** | 4165 (52.3) |
Amniotic fluid contamination | 117 (14.8) | 842 (11.7)* | 959 (12.0) |
Multiple births | 111 (14.1) | 438 (6.1)*** | 549 (6.9) |
Male | 476 (60.4) | 4027 (56.1)* | 4503 (56.6) |
Preterm | 528 (67.0) | 1413 (19.7)*** | 1941 (24.4) |
Low BW | 453 (57.5) | 905 (12.6)*** | 1358 (17.1) |
SGA | 44 (5.6) | 370 (5.2) | 414 (5.2) |
Apgar 5 min < 7 | 96 (12.2) | 65 (0.9)*** | 161 (2.0) |
DR resuscitation | 221 (28.0) | 396 (5.5)*** | 617 (7.8) |
Born in level III hospitals | 557 (70.7) | 2841 (39.6)*** | 3398 (42.7) |
Perinatal morbidities | |||
Congenital anomalies | 146 (18.5) | 426 (5.9)*** | 572 (7.2) |
Congenital heart diseases | 100 (12.7) | 202 (2.8)*** | 302 (3.8) |
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia | 5 (0.6) | 1 (0.0)*** | 6 (0.1) |
Asphyxia | 397 (50.4) | 797 (11.1)*** | 1194 (15.0) |
Intraventricular hemorrhage (III-IV) | 114 (14.5) | 329 (4.6)*** | 443 (5.6) |
Respiratory distress syndrome | 287 (36.4) | 26 (3.2)*** | 313 (3.9) |
Meconium aspiration syndrome | 13 (1.6) | 10 (0.1)*** | 23 (0.3) |
Congenital pneumonia | 626 (79.4) | 1983 (27.6)*** | 2609 (32.8) |
Early-onset sepsis | 223 (28.3) | 595 (8.3)*** | 818 (10.3) |
Patent ductus arteriosus | 75 (9.5) | 111 (1.5)*** | 186 (2.3) |
In-hospital care and outcome | |||
Admitted to level III hospitals | 776 (98.5) | 4187 (58.4)*** | 4963 (62.3) |
Admitted on PND 1 | 697 (88.5) | 2749 (38.3)*** | 1115 (14.0) |
Intensive care | 53 (6.7) | 1323 (18.4)*** | 3446 (43.3) |
Critical care | 733 (93.0) | 382 (5.3)*** | 1376 (17.3) |
Surfactant | 219 (27.8) | 20 (0.3)*** | 239 (3.0) |
CPAP | 637 (80.8) | 276 (3.8)*** | 913 (11.5) |
MV | 348 (44.2) | 28 (0.4)*** | 376 (4.7) |
Postnatal steroids | 124 (15.7) | 135 (1.9)*** | 259 (3.3) |
Antibiotics | 750 (95.2) | 5638 (78.6)*** | 6388 (80.3) |
Length of hospital stay, d | 17 [11, 27] | 7 [4, 10]*** | 7 [5, 11] |
Cost of stay, CNY, ×103 | 19 [12, 34] | 5 [3, 8]*** | 6 [4, 9] |
In-hospital death | 145 (18.4) | 23 (0.3)*** | 168 (2.1) |
0–6 (PND) | 95 (12.1) | 13 (0.2)*** | 108 (1.4) |
7–27 | 40 (5.1) | 10 (0.1)*** | 50 (0.6) |
≥ 28 | 10 (1.3) | 0*** | 10 (0.1) |
Withdrawal of treatment | 81 (10.3) | 17 (0.2)*** | 98 (1.2) |